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Latin Amerika, popülizm çalışan araştırmacılar açısından önemli bir araştırma alanı olarak ortaya çıkıyor. Dünyanın bu bölgesinde, popülizmin farklı türlerine rasgelmek mümkün. Üstelik Latin Amerika’da, tarih boyunca, popülist liderlerin siyasal gücü ele geçirmeyi başardıkları söylenebilir. Elinizdeki çalışma, popülizm ve demokrasi arasındaki çatışmalı ilişkiyi incelemek niyetindedir. Bunu yaparken popülizm bir siyasal tarz olarak ve liderin merkezi rolüne referansla tanımlanacaktır. Bu doğrultuda, Arjantin’de Peron dönemi klasik popülizmi, Peru’da Fujimori’nin sağ popülizmi ve nihayetinde Venezüella’da Chavez’in sol popülizminin analizinin göstereceği üzere demokrasi ve popülizm ilişkisi farklı popülizmlerin varlığına rağmen büyük ölçüde aynı kalmıştır. Bu doğrultuda denilebilir ki popülizm, demokrasinin içerici kapasitesini artırmış, buna karşın, anayasal denetim mekanizmalarına, demokratik kurumlara ve genel anlamda liberal demokrasiye zarar vermiştir.
Latin America appears to be an important field of research in terms of the researchers working on populism. In this region of the world, it is possible to randomize different types of populism. Moreover, in Latin America, throughout history, it can be said that populist leaders have managed to capture political power. Your work is intended to explore the conflicting relationship between populism and democracy. In doing so, populism will be defined as a political style and with reference to the central role of the leader. In this direction, the relationship between democracy and populism in Argentina, as the classical populism of the Peron period, the right populism of Fujimori in Peru and finally the analysis of the left populism of Chavez in Venezuela will show, has remained largely the same despite the existence of different populisms. In this regard, it can be said that populism has increased the internal capacity of democracy, yet it has damaged its constitutional control mechanisms, democratic institutions and, in general, liberal democracy.
Latin America, as a region, reflects a relevant field of analysis for scholars who aim at working populism. Here, in this region of the world, it is possible to encounter various types of populism(s). Additionally, throughout the history of Latin America, populist leaders have managed to accumulate political power for decades. This study, in its turn, aims at analyzing the relationship between populism and democracy. It suggests analyzing populism as a political style prioritizing the central role of populist leaders. In this perspective, it overviews a historical analysis of different Latin American countries where various types of populism were in power. In this respect, the study of the classical populism of Peron in Argentina, the right-wing populism of Fujimori in Peru and the left-wing populism of Chavez in Venezuela demonstrate that the relationship between democracy and “various” populisms remains almost the same. Populism, in general, enlarges inclusionary capacities of democratic regimes while giving permanent harm to democratic institutions, constitutional mechanisms of control and liberal democracy in general.
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