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Suudi Arabistan asıllı Abdurrahmân Munîf 20. yüzyıl Arap entelektüellerinin önde gelenlerinden sayılmaktadır. Kendisini roman yazımına adayan yazar, özellikle tarihî roman türün-de eserler telif etmiştir. Araştırmamızda inceleyeceğimiz Sibâḳu’l-mesâfâti’ṭ-ṭavîle başlıklı romanı, 1953’te Amerika ve İngiltere işbirliğiyle İran’da düzenlenen siyasî darbeyi konu edinmesi yönüyle tarihî roman kategorisinde değerlendirilmektedir. Tarihî romanlar, roman türleri içerisinde gerçeklik ve kurgusallık bağlamında tartışmaya en açık kabul edilen türdür. Çalışmamıza konu olan eser, hem konusu ve türü itibarıyla hem de kırk yaşına kadar bilimsel ve gerçekçi yazılar telif etmiş, kırk yaşından sonra ise edebî ve kurgusallık yönü ağır basan roman türünde ürünler ortaya koymuş bir yazarın eseri olması sebebiyle incelemeye değer görülmüştür. Eserin, kendisini farklı kılan bir başka özelliği ise başkarakter olarak İngiliz bir ajanın seçilmesi ve bu karakterin anlatıcı konumuna geçmesiyle eserde oryantalizm temasının işlenmesidir. Çalışmamızın amacı, söz konusu romanda ele alınan tarihî olayı gerçeklik ve kurgusallık boyutunda bir incelemeye tabi tutarak roman ve tarihî anlatı arasındaki benzerlik ve farklılıkları tespit etmektir. Bu amaçla, romandan ve tarihî kaynaklardan doküman tarama yöntemiyle elde edilen veriler karşılaştırılmış ve yazarın gerçeklik ya da kurgusallığı tercih etmede temanın etkisi irdelenmiştir. Çalışma neticesinde Munîf’in, darbe sürecinde yaşanılan olayları çarpıtmaksızın, tarihî belgelerde yer verilen şekliyle aktardığı tespit edilmiştir. Dikkat çeken bir diğer tespit yazarın, eserinin kurgusallık yönünü inşa ederken oryantalizm temasından sıkça yararlanması olmuştur.
Saudi-Arab Abdurrahman Munif is one of the leading 20th-century Arab intellectuals. The writer who dedicated himself to the writing of novels, especially in the type of historical novel, has written works. The novel titled Sibâḳu'l-mesâfâti'ṭ-ṭavîle, which we will study in our study, is ranked in the historic novel category in order to address the political coup held in Iran in 1953 in cooperation with the United States and Britain. Historical novels are the most openly considered to be discussed in the context of reality and fiction within the kinds of novels. The work that is the subject of our work, both subject and type and to the age of forty, has written scientific and realistic writings, and after the age of forty, literary and fictional aspects have been valued to be studied because it is the work of a writer who has revealed products in the type of novel. Another feature of the work that makes it different is the choice of a British agent as a main character and the processing of the orientalism theme in the work with the passage of this character to the narrative position. The purpose of our study is to identify the similarities and differences between the novel and the historical narrative by subjecting the historical event addressed in the novel to an examination in the dimension of reality and fiction. For this purpose, the data obtained from the novel and historical sources by the method of document scan was compared and the influence of the topic in the choice of the author's reality or fictionality was evaluated. The study found that Munîf, without distorting the events that occurred during the coup, translated in the form included in historical documents. Another attracted discovery was that the writer often took advantage of the topic of orientalism while building the fictional direction of his work.
ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Munīf, a Saudi Arabian national, is considered one of the leading Arab intellectuals of the 20th century. The author devoted himself to novel writing, especially in the genre of historical novels. His novel Sibāq al-maṣāfāt al-ṭawīlah, which we will examine in our study, is considered in the category of historical novel as it is about the political coup organized in Iran in 1953 with the cooperation of America and Britain. Historical novels are considered to be the most controversial genre of novels in terms of reality and fictionality. The work that is the subject of our study was considered worthy of analysis both because of its subject and genre, and because it is the work of an author, who wrote scientific and realistic writings until the age of forty, and produced products in the novel genre with a literary and fictional aspect after the age of forty. Another feature that makes the work different is the choice of a British agent as the protagonist and the detailed treatment of the theme of orientalism in the work with this character as the narrator. The aim of our study is to determine the similarities and differences between the novel and historical narrative by examining the historical event in this novel to an analysis in terms of reality and fictionality. For this purpose, the data obtained from novels and historical sources by document reviewing method were compared and the effect of the theme on the author's preference for reality or fictionality was also examined. As a result of the study, it was determined that Munif narrated the events that took place during the coup d'état without distorting them and as given in historical documents. Another noteworthy observation is the author's frequent use of the theme of orientalism in constructing the fictional aspect of his work.
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