Abstract:

An individual in need of special education is defined as "an individual who, for various reasons, differs significantly from the expected level in terms of individual characteristics and educational qualifications". In vocational schools, students are sent to different institutions for practical training in their fields of study in order to gain experience. Child development program students also continue their special education practices in various institutions. This research was carried out with 93 students who continue to apply to different private education institutions in the 2021-2022 academic year. The study was designed with the action research pattern, which is one of the qualitative research methods. Maximum variation sampling, one of the purposive sampling methods, was used in the selection of the participants forming the study group. Interview technique was used to collect the research data. In addition, the results of the problems and solutions for special education were investigated. As a result of the research, it is seen that students who need special education experience learning difficulties, attention deficit, communication problems, introversion, lack of social interaction, mental fatigue, boredom, aggression, inability to make eye contact, weakness in language development, loneliness, adaptation problems, focusing and unhappiness. Of teachers; They talk simply and simply, they are interested in one by one students, they have good communication skills, they become children with children, their classroom management skills are good, they do different activities, they apply different learning strategies, they have a planned program, they are happy with student learning, they provide student motivation, type of disability. It was understood that they approached the learner well, they knew the learner well, and they were experienced. They stated that families are very interested in their children, they are very sensitive to their children, they are in contact with their teachers, they are aware of their children's needs, they love their children very much, they accept them and they need family education. It was concluded that the plan and the program were acted in accordance with the age group, that it was systematic, regular and flexible, that it was acted according to the attention span and the type of disability, and that it was not passed from learning the subject to the next. Students say that the classrooms are suitable for the use of materials, that a safe and suitable environment is offered for the development of the child, that there are ramps at the school, that the classrooms are designed according to the handicap situation, that there are no distracting factors, that the sinks and toilets are suitable for children, that there is a simple environment, that tools such as tables and chairs are suitable for children, They emphasized that the heat-light-color-appearance is appropriate, the classrooms are large and spacious, and the school has a garden. It has been observed that there are problems such as transportation, hygiene, physical environment, communication problem, cooperation of stakeholders, lack of personnel, lack of materials. The solutions to these problems are; They suggest that the school be built in easy-to-reach places, cleaning personnel and materials should be increased, railings should be built on the windows, grab bars should be built, the garden should be wide, there should be an elevator, there should be soundproofed classrooms, and movement training should be increased.

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