Abstract:

Laws are an important tool for the realization of the goals of public policy. Having a formal basis for public policies, enactment is one of the critical stages in the public policy process; has made the legislature as a body a critical actor in public policies. Although there are many factors that affect the functioning of the enactment phase, government systems in general are more decisive. Although parliaments are the main actors of enactment in each of the main government types in modern states, the parliamentary system, the presidential system and the semi-presidential system, there are regulations that allow decisions or decrees in the nature of law, and different actors can take part in the legislative process. In Turkey, where different government systems have been adopted since its establishment, it has been observed that the enactment phase takes place in different ways. In this study, it is aimed to reveal how the enactment phase works in the government systems implemented in Turkey. In the first part of the study, the relationship between law and public policy (law-tool, legislature-actor and enactment-stage) is examined. In the second part of the study, the link between government systems and enactment in general is evaluated through three main government systems. In the third part, the relationship between government systems and enactment, from the parliamentary government system adopted in the establishment of Turkey to the presidential government system, is revealed, and in the last part, the presidential government system is examined through the actors of enactment. As a result, it has been seen that enactment is the main actor in the parliamentary system, the executive has become an important actor as the presidential system has shifted, and it has come to a position where it can take a more active role in the legislative process as a public policy tool.

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