Görüntüleme
22
İndirme
5
Ülkemizde önemli meyve türlerinden olan elma yetiştiriciliğinde bitki koruma yönünden ekonomik kayıplara neden olan bazı fitofag türlerin tanınması ve mücadelesine yönelik çalışmaların yapılması önemlidir. Bu amaçla, Malatya ilinde ekonomik anlamda elma üretimi yapılan Akçadağ, Doğanşehir ve Yeşilyurt ilçelerindeki elma bahçelerindeki zararlı ve yararlı arthropod türlerinin belirlemek için 2015-2016 yıllarında çalışma yürütülmüştür. Çalışmalarda türlerin tespitinde; sürgün alma, gözle kontrol, darbe yöntemi yanı sıra eşeysel çekici tuzak ve kültüre alma metotlarından faydalanılmıştır. Çalışmada 28 zararlı arthropod türü ile 19 yararlı böcek türü tespit edilmiştir. Tespit edilen bu zararlı türlerden Cydia pomonella L., Archips rosana L. (Lepidoptera.: Tortricidae), Aphis pomi Deg.(Hemiptera: Aphididae), Eriosoma lanigerum Hausmann (Hemiptera: Pemphigidae), Tropinota (Epicometis) hirta Poda (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) ve Tetranychus urticae Koch.(Acarina: Tetranychidae)’nin yaygınlık ve yoğunluk yönden önemli olduğu gözlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte Coccinella semtempunctata Linnaeus, Oenopia (Synharmonia) conglobata Linnaeus (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), Chrysoperla carnea Stephens (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), Episyrphus balteatus De Geer (Diptera: Syrphidae), ve Apanteles sp. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) en fazla görülen yararlı türler olarak belirlenmiştir. Önemli bazı zararlı türlerden olan Elma içkurdu (C. pomonella) erginlerinin mayıs-eylül, Elma yeşil yaprakbiti (A. pomi) ergin ve nimflerinin mayıs-ekim, Baklazınnı (T. hirta) erginlerinin nisan, Elma pamuklubiti (E. lanigerum) ergin ve nimfleri nisan sonu-ekim ve İkinoktalı kırmızıörümcek (T. urticae) ergin ile nimfleri ise mayıs-ekim döneminde doğada görüldüğü belirlenmiştir.
It is important to work on the recognition and fighting of certain phytofag species that cause economic losses in terms of plant protection in apple farming, which is one of the important fruits species in our country. For this purpose, the work was carried out in the years 2015-2016 to determine the harmful and useful arthropod species in the apple gardens in the provinces of Akçadağ, Doğanşehir and Yeşilyurt, which is produced economically in the province of Malatya. In their studies, the identification of species has taken advantage of the expulsion, eye control, hit method as well as the objective attractive trap and culture methods. The study identified 19 useful insects with 28 harmful arthropod species. This type of animal is identified as Cydia pomonella L., Archips rosana L. and Lepidoptera.Tortricidae, Aphis pomi Deg. (Hemiptera: Aphididae), Eriosoma lanigerum Hausmann (Hemiptera: Pemphigidae), Tropinota (Epicometis) hirta Poda (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) and Tetranychus urticae Koch.(Acarina: Tetranychidae) has been observed to be important in terms of prevalence and intensity. However, Coccinella semtempunctata Linnaeus, Oenopia (Synharmonia) conglobata Linnaeus (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), Chrysoperla carnea Stephens (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), Episyrphus balteatus De Geer (Diptera: Syrphidae), and Apanteles sp. Hymenoptera: Braconidae is identified as the most commonly seen useful species. Some of the important harmful species are apple drunk (C. pomonella) of the adult in May-September, apple green sheet (A. pomi) of the adult and nimphs in May-October, apple cotton (T. hirta) of the adult in April, apple cotton (E. Pomonella). It is known that the linen and nimphles are seen in nature in the late April-October and the second-October red spider (T. urticae) and the nimphles are seen in the late May-October period.
In apple cultivation, which is one of the important fruit species in our country, it is important to carry out studies for the recognition and struggle of some phytophag species that cause economic losses in terms of plant protection. The study was conducted was conducted to determine the phytophagous and beneficial species in apple orchards and time to be seen of some important pests in nature in Akçadağ, Doğanşehir and Yeşilyurt districts of Malatya province, where apples are produced economically between 2015 and 2016. In the samplings, brunch cutting, visual examination, the impact method applied to tree branches, sexually attractive traps specific to the species were used in apple orchards. In addition, cultivation method was used for pre-adult and parasitoid species. According to the results of the study, it was determined that 26 insects and 2 mite from phytophagous species and 19 beneficial insect species from general predators and parasitoids in apple orchards. It was observed that Cydia pomonella L., Archips rosana L. (Lepidoptera.: Tortricidae), Aphis pomi Deg. .(Hemiptera: Aphididae), Eriosoma lanigerum Hausmann (Hemiptera: Pemphigidae), Tropinota (Epicometis) hirta Poda (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) and Tetranychus urticae Koch. (Acarina: Tetranychidae) among these harmful species have been found to be important in terms of prevalence and density. However, Coccinella semtempunctata L., Oenopia (Synharmonia) conglobata L. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), Chrysoperla carnea Stephens (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), Episyrphus balteatus De Geer (Diptera: Syrphidae) and Apanteles sp. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) were identified as the most common beneficial species. It was determined that, some important phytophagous species respectively in May-September of C. pomonella adults, in May-September of A. pomi adult and nymphs, in May T. hirta adults, in end of April-October E. lanigerum adult and nymphs and in May-October of T. urticae adult and nymphs were seen in the nature.
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
Makale Detay 
Benzer Makaleler
PDF Görüntüle
Dergi Bilgisi
Eseri Dinleyin
Alıntı Yap
Bu Sayfayı Yazdırın
Paylaş
Mendeley
