Özet:

In Roman law, the area of criminal law was not as systematically developed as the area of private law. Crimes were divided into private crimes and public crimes depending on the violation of the interest of the individual or the public interest, and private crimes were linked to the types of sanctions aimed at eliminating the damage suffered by people, so they were also examined under the law of obligations. In terms of Roman law, the crime of blackmail, which was defined as the victim being threatened in a convincing way that a bad consequence and damage will occur, and forced to give money to the other party to prevent this, had different legal qualities according to the characteristics of the perpetrator. The commission of the crime by public officials resulted in it being considered a public crime. In this context, provisions on trials and punishments were introduced by laws called leges repetundarum, which were regulated during the Republican Period. If individuals other than public officials committed the crime, it would be considered that a special offence of personal harm (iniuria) or threat (metus) had occurred.

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