Özet:

The demand of energy is getting higher with the developing technologies and increase of world population. Recently most of the energy demand is providing from the fossil fuels. The global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from fossil fuels are threat for the world. The combustion of fossil fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas causes the GHG emission. Since fossil fuels are the greatest part of production of electricity and thermal steam, most of the research is making on clean, economical and reliable energy sources. Between the renewable energy sources, photovoltaic arrays get importance since photovoltaic Panel (PV) converts sunlight directly into electricity is a good option to produce electrical energy. Photovoltaic panels do not directly emit GHGs while energy conversion. However, PV cells have limitations because of inherent intermittency of solar irradiation and cloudy weather conditions. One of the greatest advantages of renewable sources is being integrated with other renewable energy sources to form a hybrid system. Therefore, to provide reliable and continuous energy, it is suggested that PV can be hybridized with other sources such as co-generation (CHP-Combined Heat and Power) system. Combined Heat and Power technology is one of the efficient technology since it provides twice or more times of the useful energy from the same amount of fuel. The places need both electrical and thermal loads such as hotels, residential buildings and especially hospitals are good option to use CHP systems are coupled with solar photovoltaic (PV) arrays, reduces GHG emissions further. By adding battery systems to a PV+CHP system, total system efficiency will be getting higher by reducing CHP runtime. For simulation and optimization of renewable energy systems a lot of software have been developed.  One of the most successful software is the Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewable (HOMER) with the Pro Microgrid Analysis tool is to simulate PV+battery+CHP hybrid systems. In this paper, a hybrid system is simulated for a hospital and it is observed that the electricity produced by each component of the hybrid system can be integrated to meet the hospital load demand. Thermal load demand is supplied with a boiler and CHP unit. A sensitivity analysis of this hybrid off grid systems is depended on a function capacity factor of both the PV and CHP units. As a result of this study, it is found that PV + battery + CHP hybrid system is one of the most effective system to reduce energy related emissions and also to increase energy efficiency.

Anahtar Kelimeler: