Abstract:

Type 1 diabetes mellitus DM is a chronic metabolic disease of childhood characterized by insulin insufficiency and hyperglycemia due to the destructin of the beta cells of the pancreas caused by autoimmune and non-immune mechanisms. The general prevalance of the disease in the world is 1/1430 around five years of age and 1/360 at sixteen. The prevalance in our country is approximately 1/2000. A number of genetic and environmental factors play a role in the etiology. Type 1 DM usually presents with polyuria, polydipsia, and weight loss and treatment consists of insulin, exercise, and nutritional planning. Alongside with various insulin regimens, research on new modes of treatment such as immunotherapy is continued.

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