Özet:

Ibn Meymûn, known as Maimonides in the western world is the typical representative of the intercultural philosophical approach. Since he is Jewish, he feeds himself from the Jewish culture, yet he considerably owes his philosophical formation to the ancient Greek and the medieval Islamic world. Therefore, it can be claimed that he is an intercultural authentic person who mediates to transfer Islamic philosophy to the West and whose personality combines the ancient Greek, Greco-Roman, Islam and Jewish cultures. Even though Ibn Meymûn, feeds himself from different cultures, he prioritizes the Jewish culture, looks at every subject he deals with from a broad perspective and approaches them critically. He tries to form authentic ideas and new syntheses. It is possible to see the most typical example of his critical syntheses in the way he discusses the causality problem. While he is discussing the causality problem, he not only presents the occasionalist view of causality dating back to the atomist tradition and developed by the Islamic theologians, but also the views on causality inherited from Aristoteles and the Neo-Platonists and developed by Islamic philosophers with their historical roots. Then he criticizes these views and tries to put forth his own original approach which he distilled through his own criticisms with justificatory reasons. Thus, this study aims to show how Ibn Meymûn analyzes and criticize the views on causality in the Islamic theology and Aristotelian philosophical circles and how he bases his own original approach that we can name as exceptional view of nature or exceptional view of causality which he developed through these criticisms.

Anahtar Kelimeler: