Abstract:

This paper can be accepted as a preliminary attempt to compare Protestant missionary activities in the Ottoman and Chinese Empires during the 19th century. The 19thcentury can be characterized by the establishment of world-economy based capitalism in western Europe in a world-wide scale. During this process, the different components of the non-European world was pulled into this economic and political system as subordinate units. In the same period, golden age of industrial revolution was followed by the Revival of Protestanism and the establishment of missionary organizations both in British Empire and USA. So the process of economic and political expansion of Western Civilisation accompanied by Christian proselytisation. As two ancient empires and two significant religious systems; Ottoman Empire (or Islam) and China were taken under consideration in very early dates of the missions. The first part of the paper is devoted to chronological data of the protestan missions in both of the countries. In the second part, the activities in these two countries will be compared on the basis of the process itself, the fields of the missionary activities, the reactions which they caused, their direct and indirect results.