Özet:

Molecular methods that do not depend on culture have been developed to address the problem of not fully identifying the microbiota of foods with the classical cultural methods used in food microbiology. In metagenomic studies, which are culture-independent methods, microorganisms can be identified by direct DNA isolation without the culturing step. In this way, it is possible to identify microorganisms that are present in the microbiota but cannot be identified because they cannot be cultured. The microbial diversity of the microbiota of culture media studied in the field of food microbiology is determined using amplicon sequencing (targeted sequencing) and shotgun metagenomic approaches, and both methods have advantages and disadvantages. In recent years, metagenomics has been frequently preferred as an auxiliary discipline in the food industry, especially in the fields of food microbiology and food safety. In particular, the number of studies aimed at detecting complex microbial activity in the production of fermented foods and the examination of microbial communities involved in food spoilage is increasing.

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