Özet:

Throughout the historical process of the art of painting, the depictions glorifying the war by the artists in the early period have been replaced by painting the effects of the war that reveal its ugly face. As a result of the fact that many artists were exposed to the destruction of the war and the humanist approaches increased in the process of painting, war propaganda caused them to leave the period in which works were produced, and on the contrary, to portray the damage of war to nature and people effectively. Wars, which is one of the most effective events that have shaped the history of humanity, have caused societies to undergo changes in many areas such as political, religious, sociological, geographical etc. Artists, who reflect the structures of the societies they live in, have documented the developments with their works. Wars affecting the world, military pressures, economic crises, forced migrations, sociological changes have been the factors that artists have to be exposed to and struggled with. Artists have also effectively conveyed the destructive face of war to their works. However, in a period under the patronage of aristocrats, strict academic rules and limited freedom of artists, it was not easy for the artists to approach the war critically. In this article, selected works of Francisco Goya, Eduard Manet and Pablo Picasso will be discussed, the first artists who did not prefer to produce paintings glorifying and glorifying war, despite the early period art markets dominated by the patronage system, and started to reflect the destructive face of wars on painting in a critical way. Considering their periods and contemporaries, these works of art by these artists, which are documents, have been the pioneers of the humanist approach against wars in the art world, and have been a source of inspiration for artists after them. In addition to the paintings produced by their contemporaries as a tribute to the war, the critical paintings produced by the artists we discussed in the article, despite the oppressive regime of the period, were the products of the artists' contradictory nature and courage.

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