Özet:

Obesity is an abnormal and excessive amount of fat to damage health. In many parts of the world, the prevalence of obesity and the incidence of diseases caused by obesity is rapidly increasing. According to the DSO data, overweight and obesity are the first five in the risk of death ranking, with at least 2.8 million people per year losing their lives as a result of overweight and obesity. Obesity has adverse effects on all the systems in the body and the psychological condition, and these effects lead to many health problems. The main risks and risk factors in the formation of obesity are: excessive and incorrect nutrition, insufficient physical activity, age, gender, income status, level of education, smoking-alcohol non-use, some drugs used (antidepressants, etc.). The number of births, sociocultural factors, hormonal and metabolic factors, are determined as genetic factors. Obesity in the human body is one of the risk depositors associated with cardiovascular diseases, respiratory and digestive systems, hypertension, type II diabetes, osteoartritis, polycystic over syndrome, immune system dysfunction and some types of cancer. In the diseases caused by obesity, the role of the nurse is to target a realistic body weight loss, to reduce the risk of morbidity and mortality associated with obesity, to provide the individual with sufficient and balanced eating habits, and to ensure that he improves the quality of life. The medical nutrition (diet) used in the treatment of obesity, exercise, behavioral change, pharmacological and surgical treatment, the nurse plays an active role.

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