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Bu makalede öncelikle Yesevi şairi Şems-i Asi’ye ait Yetimname adlı manzumenin Arap harfleriyle yazılmış Ankara ve Leningrad nüshaları kullanılarak tenkitli metni, Doğu Türkçesinden Türkiye Türkçesine aktarımı, gramatikal dizini ve sözlüğü hazırlanmış çalışmanın sonuna ise A nüshasının tamamı, B ve C nüshalarından ise birer yaprak verilmek suretiyle tıpkıbasım eklenmiştir. Özellikle Dizin-Sözlük bölümü, bütün sözcükler yer alacak şekilde hazırlanıp biçim bilgisi yönünden incelenmiş ve Türkçe sözcüklerin ses yapısı bakımından tarihî gelişimlerini ortaya koyabilmek amacıyla Eski ve Orta Türkçedeki biçimlerini gösterecek şekilde tanıklama yoluna gidilmiştir. Ayrıca çalışmanın Giriş kısmında Doğu Türkçesinin (yaygın adıyla Çağatay Türkçesinin) dil özelliklerini yansıtan nüshaların ses bilgisi, biçim bilgisi ve söz varlığı bakımından farklılıkları tablo hâlinde ortaya konmuştur. Bu dil verileri kullanılarak nüshaların eskicilliği hakkında bazı sonuçlara varılmıştır. Yapılan değerlendirmeler sonucunda B nüshasının eskicil özellikler gösterdiği, A nüshasının yenicil özellikler taşıdığı, C nüshasının ise iki nüsha arasında A nüshasına daha yakın olduğu görülmüştür.
In this article, first of all, the Yetimname of the Yesevi poet Shems-i Asi's manuscript was written in Arabic letters using the Ankara and Leningrad nuts, the translation from Eastern Turkish to Turkish, the grammatical directory and dictionary were prepared; at the end of the work, the whole of the nuts of A, and the nuts of B and C were added in the same way with a single leaf. Specifically, the Dizin-Sözlük section has been prepared in such a way that all the words will be included and studied in terms of form knowledge, and the Turkish words will be tested in such a way that they will show their forms in the Old and Middle Turkish in order to reveal their historical developments in terms of vocal structure. Also in the Introduction section of the study, the differences in terms of voice knowledge, form knowledge and word existence of the nuts that reflect the language characteristics of Eastern Turkish (the common name of Çağatay Turkish) have been shown in the table. This language data has been used to find some findings about the ancientity of the niches. The results of the evaluation have shown that the B niche shows ancient characteristics, that the A niche carries innovative characteristics, and that the C niche is closer to the A niche between the two niches.
In this article, initially, critical edition text, translation from Eastern Turkish to Modern Turkish, index and grammatical glossary of the poetry named Yetimname of Shams al-Asi have been prepared by making use of the Ankara and Leningrad copies written in Arabic letters, and at the end of the study facsimiles consisting of full-text of copy A and single folios from copies B and C are annexed. Especially “Index- Glossary” section is prepared and morphologically examined in a way encompassing all the words taking place in this poetry, and with the aim of depicting the historical course of development of Turkish lexicons in terms of phonetics, examples to these words from Old Turkish and Middle Turkish are given. Besides, in the “Introduction” section of the study, variations in phonetics, morphology and vocabulary among copies reflecting language properties of Eastern Turkish (commonly known as Chagatai Turkish) are given in a list. By using these data, some deductions are made on the archaicity of the copies. Following the assessments, it is concluded that copy B is showing archaic features; copy A is showing contemporary features and copy C stands closer to copy A between two copies.
Field : Filoloji
Journal Type : Ulusal
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