Küreselleşme olgusunun politik iktisat alanındaki yansımalarından biri de güvenlik algısı ve buna bağlı olarak savunma harcamaları üzerinde ortaya çıkan etkisidir. Küreselleşmenin doğurduğu refah etkisi ve fırsat maliyeti avantajları nedeniyle ülkeler arasındaki çatışmaların azalacağı, dolayısıyla savunma harcamalarının düşeceği yaklaşımına karşılık, küreselleşme sürecinin ulus-devletlerin güvenlik algılarını negatif yönde etkilemesine bağlı olarak savunma harcamalarında daha yüksek artışlar görüleceği şeklinde çeşitli görüşler söz konusudur. Bu bağlamda 2017 yılında en yüksek KOF küreselleşme endeksine sahip 25 ülke için 1995-2017 dönemi verileri kullanılarak ekonomik, politik ve sosyal küreselleşme ile savunma harcamaları arasındaki ilişki analiz edilmiştir. Panel grubu için elde edilen panel AMG sonuçlarına göre ekonomik büyüme ve politik küreselleşme savunma harcamalarını artırırken ekonomik küreselleşme savunma harcamalarını azaltmaktadır. Sosyal küreselleşme ise savunma harcamaları üzerinde herhangi bir etkiye sahip değildir. Ayrıca, ülke özelindeki bulgular incelendiğinde değişkenlik gösterdiği görülmektedir. Dumitrescu-Hurlin nedensellik testi bulguları ise ekonomik büyümeden savunma harcamalarına, savunma harcamalarından ekonomik küreselleşme ve sosyal küreselleşmeye doğru tek yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi olduğunu göstermektedir
One of the reflections of the phenomenon of globalization in the political economy is the perception of security and consequently its impact on defense spending. In contrast to the approach that the conflicts between countries will be reduced due to the prosperity and the opportunity cost benefits that the globalization generates, therefore the defence expenditure will be reduced, the globalization process will see higher increases in defence expenditure due to the negative impact of national-state security perceptions. In this context, the relationship between economic, political and social globalization and defence spending was analyzed using data from 1995 to 2017 for 25 countries with the highest KOF globalization index in 2017. The panel for the panel group, according to the AMG results, increases economic growth and political globalization the defence spending while reducing economic globalization the defence spending. Social globalization has no impact on defence spending. In addition, it appears that the findings in the country are varied when it is studied. The results of the Dumitrescu-Hurlin causality test show that the economic growth has a one-way causal relationship between the defence expenditure, the defence expenditure, the economic globalization and social globalization.
One of the reflections of globalization phenomenon in the field of political economy is the perception of security and consequently its impact on military expenditure. There are various opinions that globalization process leads to higher increases in military expenditure as a result of the negative impact of the nation-states’ perceptions of security, opposite to the approach that globalization will reduce the conflicts among the countries and thus reduce military expenditures due to its welfare impact and opportunity cost advantages caused by it. In this context, the relationship between economic, political and social globalization, and military expenditure was analyzed by using the data over the period 1995-2017 for 25 countries, which had the highest KOF globalization index in 2017. According to the panel AMG findings for the panel group, economic growth and political globalization increase the military expenditures while economic globalization decreases them. Social globalization does not have any impact on military expenditures. In addition, when the country specific findings are examined, it is seen that they vary. Dumitrescu-Hurlin causality test findings indicate that there is a one-way causality running from economic growth to military expenditures, from military expenditures to economic globalization and social globalization
Alan : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Ulusal
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