Abstract:

The paper shows that the waves of anomalous amplitude are long-lived formations. They drift in the direction of the wave motion with the group velocity of the wave packet, which is half the phase velocity of the main wave. The swing of the wave (the distance from the hump to the trough) of the anomalous amplitude is more than three times the average value of the sweep of the wave motion. The modulation instability of this wave form a perturbation spectrum, the energy of which is twice the energy of the main wave in the developed process mode. The spatial size of the wave packet practically does not change, the amplitude of the swing in the maximum first increases, then gradually decreases. The number of such waves in areas of strong wind exposure is much larger than the statistics of random interference processes allow. This is due to the influence of the main wave (its amplitude remains noticeably greater than the amplitudes of each of the modes of the wave packet) on the behavior of each pair of modes from the wave packet of the perturbation. In the laboratory system, the duration of the anomalous wave coincides qualitatively with the time of existence of the Peregrin autowave. Although the Peregrin autowave corresponds to a different physical reality, where the dispersion of the wave is weak. Gravitational surface waves have a strong dispersion, and the NSE equation in this case is noticeably modified. However, in rest system of the wave packet (moving relative to the laboratory system) the abnormal amplitude wave lifetime is much longer. The distance that the wave packet travels with a persisting anomalous sweep is at least equal to several hundred wavelengths and can reach hundreds of kilometers. A simple calculation of such waves by means of space monitoring due to the small viewing area (frame) may be inaccurate. Once formed, such waves are able to drift over considerable distances. However, they may well get into the next frame of view. That is, estimates of the number of such waves can be overestimated.

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