Özet:

This study aims to measure whether the income elasticities of imported goods differ according to the technology intensity of the goods. For this purpose, panel data of Turkey, Mexico, Thailand, Brazil, China, India, Russia, Indonesia, Romania, Argentina, Chile, and Czechia for the period 1998-2021 were used. By separating the imported goods according to their technology intensity, five different models have been created: imports of raw material-intensive goods, imports of labor-intensive goods, imports of capital-intensive goods, imports of research-intensive goods that can be easily imitated, and imports of research-intensive goods that are difficult to imitate. In the analysis of the study, import data were used as dependent variables, income, real exchange rate index, and population data were used as independent variables. According to the analysis results of Driscoll and Kraay (1998), it was determined that the highest coefficient of income elasticity occurred in the import of capital-intensive goods and the lowest coefficient in the import of labor-intensive goods. It has been observed that the income elasticity coefficient of imports of research-intensive goods that are difficult to imitate is higher than the income elasticity coefficient of imports of research-intensive goods that are easily imitated. According to the findings, it has been observed that the increase in income, by changing consumer tastes and preferences, increases the demand for imports of labor-intensive goods (0.83) less than the income increase rate, and increases the import demand for capital-intensive goods (1.17) more than the income increase rate. As a result of these results, it has been found that the income elasticity of imports differs according to the technology density of the goods.

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