Abstract:

This study was carried out to determine the geophyte flora of Mardin province. As a result of the evaluation of 1100 plant samples collected from the research area between 2019-2021, 167 species and subspecies taxa belonging to 30 families and 64 genera were determined. 56 of them are new records for flora of Mardin. The families that contain the most taxa in the research area; Amaryllidaceae 32 (19.27%), Asparagaceae 26 (15.66%), Orchidaceae 21 (12.65%), Iridaceae 18 (10.84%), Liliaceae 12 (7.22%), Araceae 8 (4.81%) and Ranunculaceae 8 (4.81%). The first 9 genera containing the most taxa from the research area; Allium 27 (16%), Iris 8 (4.82%), Ornithogalum 8 (4.82%), Orchis 7 (4.21%), Ophrys 6 (3.61%), Gagea 6 (3.61%), Ranunculus 6 (3.61%), Crocus 5 (3%), Bellevalia 5 (3%). The number of endemic taxa is 24 (14.37%). Taxa numbers of geophytes in the study area according to phytogeographic distribution; Iran-Turan is represented by 84 (50.6%), Eastern Mediterranean 17 (10.24%), Mediterranean 15 (9.03%), Euro-Siberian 2 (1.2%), 47 (28.31%) taxa with undetermined region or multi-region. Geophytes in the study area can be classified as bulbous, rhizome, tuberous and bulbous. Of these, 76 (45.78%) are bulbous, 44 (26.5%) are tuberous, 32 (19.27%) are rhizome, and 15 (9.03%) are corm.

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