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Kronik böbrek yetmezliği, hemodiyaliz , periton diyalizi ya da böbrek nakliyle tedavisi yapılan hastalıklardan biridir. Diyaliz tedavisi, hastanın sağ kalımını sağlasa da, yaşam kalitesi hala üzerinde çalışılması gereken sorunların başında gelmektedir. Yaşam kalitesi kavramının içinde, fiziksel sağlık, ruh sağlığı, bağımsızlık düzeyi, sosyal ilişkiler, yaşama ve sağlığa bakış açısı, beklentiler ve alışkanlıklar yer almaktadır. Kronik hastalıklarda birey yaşam boyu az yada çok hastalık etkilerini yaşar. Bu gruptaki bireylerde, hastalığa bağlı günlük yaşam aktiviteleri ve iyilik hali bozulması yaşam kalitesinin düşmesine neden olur.Bu bağlamda yaşam kalitesini arttırmak için sadece medikal gelişmelerin yeterli gelmediği, hastaların psikososyal desteğe de ihtiyaç duydukları bilinmektedir. Psikososyal destek, bazı hastalıklar için uygulansa da çoğunlukla diğer kronik hastalıklarda göz ardı edilmekte, medikal başarıya odaklanılmaktadır. Psikososyal destek için ülkemizde multidisipliner ekibin içinde ihtiyaç duyulan meslek grupları henüz yer almamaktadır. Yaşam kalitesinin hastalıkla ilişkili olarak azaldığı diyaliz hastalarında, sosyal bütünleşme ihiyacını ortaya koymak amacıyla yapılan bu çalışmada; sosyal etkileşimde bozulmayla başlayan yalnızlık, anksiyete ve depresyon, tedaviye uyum güçlüğü ve intihara eğilim gibi önemli sorunlara neden olduğu görülmüştür. Çalışmada son dönem böbrek yetmezliği olan hastalarda yaşam kalitesini bozan başlıca sorunlar; İş ve eğitim engeli, sağlık giderleri, psikolojik sorunlar, aile içi görev tanımındaki değişiklikler ve sosyal çevre sorunları altında toplanıp, alan yazın taraması ile irdelenmiştir.
Chronic renal insufficiency is one of the diseases treated by hemodialysis, peritonal dialysis or kidney transplant. Although dialytic therapy ensures the patient's survival, quality of life is still the top of the problems that need to be studied. The concept of quality of life includes physical health, mental health, level of independence, social relationships, life and health perspective, expectations and habits. In chronic diseases, a person has little or much effects of the disease throughout his lifetime. In individuals in this group, the daily life activities associated with the disease and the deterioration of well-being cause a decrease in the quality of life.In this context, it is known that only medical developments are not sufficient to improve the quality of life, and patients need psychosocial support. Psychosocial support, though applied for some diseases, is mostly neglected in other chronic diseases, focused on medical success. The professional groups needed within the multidisciplinary team in our country for psychosocial support are not yet included. In dialytic patients where the quality of life is decreased in connection with the disease, this study, aimed at revealing the disadvantage of social integration, has shown that it has caused significant problems such as loneliness, anxiety and depression, difficulties in adjusting to treatment and tendency to suicide. In the study, the main problems that disrupt the quality of life in patients with kidney failure in the last period; work and education disorders, health expenses, psychological problems, changes in the definition of domestic tasks and social environmental problems, the area was gathered under summer scan.
Chronic renal failure is one of the diseases treated by hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis or renal transplantation. Although dialysis treatment provides the survival of the patient, quality of life is still one of the main problems to be studied. The concept of quality of life includes physical health, mental health, level of independence, social relations, perspective on life and health, expectations and habits. In chronic diseases, the individual experiences the effects of more or less disease throughout his / her life. In this group of individuals, activities related to daily living and impaired well-being caused by the disease cause poor quality of life. In this context, it is known that not only medical developments are sufficient for improving the quality of life, but also patients need psychosocial support. Although psychosocial support is applied for some diseases, it is mostly ignored in other chronic diseases and focused on medical success. There are no occupational groups needed in the multidisciplinary team in our country for psychosocial support. In this study conducted to reveal the need for social integration in dialysis patients whose quality of life decreased in relation to the disease; Loneliness, anxiety and depression, difficulty in adherence to treatment and suicidal tendency have started. The more important a disease is in the society, the more important it should be and it should be considered as a public health problem. When chronic diseases are examined in this respect, it is seen that they have important morbidity and mortality. In this context, apart from medical support, from kidney protection to kidney failure and treatment conditions, the disease also expects to find solutions in terms of barriers to social integration. In this study, the main problems that impair quality of life in patients with end-stage renal disease; Work and education barriers, health expenses, psychological problems, loss of family role and status and social environment problems were gathered under the field literature review.
Alan : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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