Dünya’da son yıllarda artan toplumsal hareketler, özgürlük, eşitlik, adalet gibi konularda var olan sorunların giderilmesini amaçlamakta ve mevcut yönetimlerin toplumsal reformları hayata geçirmesi için zorlayıcı bir gündem oluşturmaktadır. 2011 yılından itibaren Kuzey Afrika ülkelerinde başlayan halk ayaklanmaları dünyada beklenmedik değişimlere sahne olmuş, bölgedeki ülkelerin birçoğunda iktidar değişiklikleri yaşanmıştır. Bu ülkeler içerisinde demokratik süreci çatışmasız olarak halkın taleplerine göre şekillendiren ülkeler olduğu gibi halen iç savaş halinde bulunan ve belli çıkar gruplarının çekişmesinin devam ettiği ülkeler bulunmaktadır. Bu amaçla toplumsal hareketlerin başladığı ülkelerin siyasi ve kültürel tarihlerini incelemek, bu hareketlerin içeriklerini anlamamız açısından elzem olmuştur. Genel itibarıyla Kuzey Afrika ülkelerinin tarihlerini incelediğimizde bu ülkelerin yerleşik kabile ilişkilerine derinden bağlı ve manda yönetimleri altında siyasi yapılarını kurdukları görülmektedir. Bölgede petrol gibi doğal kaynakların varlığına rağmen kurulan bu siyasi yapıların ilkelliği, bu ülkelerin siyasi ve ekonomik olarak çok fazla gelişim gösterememesine sebep olmuş ve şu anda var olan huzursuzlukların kaynağı olmuşlardır. Bu çalışmanın amacı Kuzey Afrika’nın önemli iki ülkesi olan Fas ve Libya’da manda yönetimlerinden sonra siyaset kurumlarını incelemek ve bu ülkelerde var olan iktidar ve muhalif çevreler arasındaki mücadelenin tarihsel gelişimine göz atmaktır.
The world’s increasing social movements in recent years have aimed at addressing the problems that exist in issues such as freedom, equality, justice and form a compelling agenda for the current governments to implement social reforms. People's rebellions in the northern African countries began in 2011 and have been the scene of unpredictable changes in the world, and many of the countries in the region have experienced power changes. In these countries there are countries where the democratic process is formed unconflictly according to the demands of the people, and there are countries where the conflict of certain interest groups continues. For this purpose, the study of the political and cultural history of the countries where social movements began, has been essential for us to understand the contents of these movements. In general, when we look at the history of the north African countries, it seems that these countries are deeply linked to their settled tribal relations and have established their political structures under their mandate governments. Despite the presence of natural resources such as oil in the region, the principle of these political structures has led these countries to not show much political and economic development and have become the source of the unrest that exists today. The aim of this study is to examine the political institutions after the mandate governments in Morocco and Libya, the two important nations of North Africa, and to examine the historic development of the struggle between the power and the opposition circles that exist in these countries.
The increasing social movements in the world in recent years aim to eliminate the problems that exist in issues such as freedom, equality and justice and create a compelling agenda for the current administrations to implement social reforms. The popular uprisings that started in North African countries since 2011 witnessed unexpected changes in the world, and power changes in many of the countries in the region. Among these countries, there are countries that shape the democratic process without conflict, as well as the demands of the people, as well as the countries that are still in civil war and where certain groups of interests continue. For this purpose, it is essential to examine the political and cultural histories of the countries where social movements started, in order to understand the contents of these movements. When we examine the history of the North African countries in general, it is seen that these countries are deeply connected to the established tribal relations and established their political structures under the mandate administrations. Despite the existence of natural resources such as oil in the region, the primitiveness of these political structures caused these countries not to develop much politically and economically and they were the source of the current unrest. The aim of this study is to examine the political institutions after the mandate administrations in Morocco and Libya, two important countries of North Africa, and to look at the historical development of the struggle between the ruling and opposition circles in these countries. Keywords: North Africa, Libya, Morocco, Democracy, Political History, Political Actors.
Alan : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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