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  Citation Number 9
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Aristoteles ve Descartes Bağlamında Akıl ve Zekâ Kavramlarının Farkları
2019
Journal:  
Kaygı. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi
Author:  
Abstract:

Akıl Nedir? Zekâ Nedir? Bu kavramlar arasındaki ayrım ve ilişki ne olabilir? İnsanın neliğini belirleyen akıl ve zekâ hakkındaki bu evrensel sorular, zihnin tarihsel evrimi bağlamında önemlidir. Bu eksende çalışmanın amacı; akıl ve zekâ kavramlarının mahiyetini özellikle Aristoteles ve Descartes temelinde ele alarak arasındaki farklılıkları, benzerlikleri, kullanım alanları ve bu kullanıma bağlı olarak her iki kavramın da insan etiği açısından doğuracağı muhtemel felsefi sonuçları ortaya koymaktır. İlkçağ felsefesinde önemli bir kavram olan akıl (logos) sözcüğü özellikle Aristoteles tarafından zihin-beden birliği bağlamında bütün boyutlarıyla temellendirilmiştir. Ancak, modern felsefenin ilkelerini ortaya koyan Descartes’in zihin ve bedeni kökten ayırmasıyla, yepyeni bir zekâ anlayışı ortaya çıkmıştır. Kartezyen bilincin, akıl kavramını zekâya indirgenmesi bu anlayışın en önemli doğurgusudur. Aristoteles’ten Descartes’e değin tarihsel ve felsefi gelişmeler düşünüldüğünde, akıl ve zekâ bir üçgenin kenarlarına benzetilebilir. Akıl üçgenin geniş tabanını oluştururken, daralarak sivrilen kısım ise zekâdır. Üçgenin geniş tabanı aklın barındırdığı engin anlamı temsil ederken, sivrilerek yukarı çıkan zekâ ise hem aklın anlamını daraltır hem de onun görevini üstlenircesine yükselir. Yükselmesine bağlı olarak daha keskin, daha sivri ve daha dar bir açı oluşturur. Bu yönüyle düşünüldüğünde insani nitelikleri etraflıca ortaya koyabilmenin ön koşulu Kartezyen zekâ değil, Aristotelesçi akıl kavramıdır.

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Aristoteles ve Descartes Bağlamında Akıl ve Zekâ Kavramlarının Farkları
2019
Author:  
Abstract:

What is Mind? What is intelligence? What is the difference and relationship between these concepts? These universal questions about the mind and intelligence that determine the quality of man are important in the context of the historical evolution of the mind. The objective of this study is to identify the differences, similarities, uses and the possible philosophical consequences that both concepts, depending on this use, will produce from the point of view of human ethics, in particular by addressing the essence of the concepts of mind and intelligence on the basis of Aristotle and Descartes. The word logos, which is an important concept in the early philosophy, was founded by Aristotle in all its dimensions in the context of mind-body unity. However, with the distinction of mind and body from root by Descartes, who revealed the principles of modern philosophy, a new understanding of intelligence emerged. Cartezyen consciousness is the most important element of this understanding, and it is the most important element of this understanding. When considering historical and philosophical developments from Aristotle to Descartes, mind and intelligence can be compared to the edges of a triangle. When the mind forms the broad base of the triangle, the shrinking part is wisdom. The broad base of the triangle represents the immense meaning that the mind has, while the wisdom that rises from the moisturizes shrinks the meaning of the mind and rises to the task of taking over it. Depending on its rise, it creates a sharp, more brighter and thinner corner. In this regard, the prior condition for the ability to reveal human qualities is not the intelligence of Carthage, but the Aristotle's concept of mind.

The Differences Between Mind and Intelligence In Aristotle and Descartes
2019
Author:  
Abstract:

What is Mind? What is intelligence? What are the distinction and relationship between these concepts? These universal questions about the mind and intelligence that determine human wholeness are important in the context of the historical evolution of the mind. Concerning these questions, the aim of this study is to reveal the differences, similarities, domains of use and the possible philosophical consequences of both concepts regarding human ethics especially through perspectives of Aristotle and Descartes. The word mind (logos), which is an important concept in ancient philosophy, had been grounded with all dimensions by Aristotle's mind-body unity. However, a new understanding of intelligence which reveals the principles of modern philosophy has emerged with Descartes. Degrading "mind" into "intelligence" is the most important outcome of Cartesian understanding. From Aristotle to Descartes, when historical and philosophical improvements are considered, mind and intelligence can be compared to the edges of a triangle. Mind constitutes the broad base of the triangle, while the narrowing top part refers to intelligence. While the wide base of the triangle represents the vast meaning of mind, the spiring intelligence both narrows the meaning of mind and rises up to take over the role of mind. Due to its elevation, it creates a sharper, more pointed and narrower angle. Considering this aspect, the prerequisite of revealing human qualities is not the Cartesian intelligence, but the Aristotelian mind.

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Kaygı. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi

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Kaygı. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi