Özet:

In almost every culture throughout human history, various methods of treatment have been developed against the disease. In ancient times medical procedure consisting of herbal, animal material and use of the medical instrument also had an attribute as well as religious. In ancient Mesopotamia, some herbal medicines and surgical methods were supported with magic and charm. Ancient Babylonian king Hammurabi's laws that determine medical costs in this period demonstrated the medical profession. Liver models used for divination were more developed than their counterparts of medieval Europe. Babylonian gods of health "Gula and Damu" had power to magic and medicine. Honey and a variety of syrup added to the herbal mixture for treatment. Also other methods were available such as hot and cold water baths, scrubbing body with ointments and oils, and blood-letting. Many cuneiform tablets belonging to Assyrian and Sumerian doctors and herbalists "A.ZU" were uncovered. Medical texts show a list of diseases, symptoms, amount of herbal mixtures and their recipes and also explain to the patient how to use medicines. One of the oldest Sumerian medical texts, including many medical matters such as milk, snake skin, cinnamon, myrtle, thyme, pine, fig, date palm are mentioned. It is understood that the doctors and healers of the Mesopotamian culture who lived thousands of years ago from Hippocrates, considered the father of medicine, contribute to the development of the medicine.

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