Özet:

The Safavid State have been formed on the basis of the Twelve-Imam Shi‘ia. This approach of the state has not changed in the period of institutionalization. However, the founding elements of the state named as the Qizilbash sufis slowly has been deported from the administration. The Caucasion nations who called as “gulam” in the bureaucracy and the immigrant scholars in the religion and juristic institutions have took the place of them. This transformation has been started by Shah Ismail (1501-1524) and has been completed by Shah Abbas I (1587-1629). Shah Ismail represented both the political and religious authority since 1501. Second king of the state, Tahmasb handed over his own religious authorities in great measure to the Sadr. But he was an strict follower of the religious and juridical administrations. In this paper firstly the rising of Safavid Dynasty from the order leadership to the sovereignty will be examinated. Then how the Shah shared his religious authority with the group of Shiite scholars, constituted by himself in Persia will be explained. Besides in the new state system after Abbas I will be emphasized both the relations between the Shah Safi-the scholars and will be defined authorities of the clergy.

Anahtar Kelimeler: