Özet:

Abstract Purpose. This study seeks to identify a rational way to modernize the brake lever transmission elements of freight car bogies. Methodology. Theoretical and operational studies concerning the structural limitations of the appearance of abnormal wear on the brake pads of the lever transmission of freight cars have been performed. The analytical approach to the justification of the technical and technological way of improving the existing design of the brake lever transmission is used. The recommendations of the modernization of the brake struts of the freight cars are given. Findings. Existing performance of existing brake lever transmissions has been found to be inefficient due to the inclination and pressing of the upper edges of the pads on the rolling surfaces of the wheels while running of trains without braking. Harmful friction with the formation of double friction wear of the working fluid leads to a condition where, due to the eccentric action of dynamic loads, up to 95% of the total number of pads are in a damaged state. The solutions for the restoration of existing brake beams designs were proposed. The chosen simplicity of the method of repair work is that the location of the service opening in the brake struts is transferred to a rational place. The method of modernization offered in the work is reduced to the fact that according to special calculations in the existing brake strut, at its restoration the minimum number of repair operations is performed. Originality. It is theoretically proved that in a brake beam a harmful torque from dynamic forces is formed, which causes abnormal wear of the brake pads. Calculated force analysis, taking into account these factors, identified the main disadvantage and identified the possibility of its elimination. A model was developed for the first time to reduce the non-normative wear of the brake pads due to the rational way of upgrading the brake strut. Mathematical calculations have been adapted to the formulation of the force loads of the elements of the brake levers, which tilt the brake beam to rest against the upper edges of the pads at the rolling surface of the wheels. Practical value. The results of the research were tested on real rolling stock and received practical recommendations, which should be used in the design, modernization and operation of brake systems of both operating fleet and three-element bogies of the new generation.

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