Abstract:

Anemia is the most common hematological problem during pregnancy. It is estimated that 38.2% of pregnant women in the world are anemic. The frequency of anemia in women of reproductive age in Turkey is to vary between 20% and 39.9%. Anemia during pregnancy is evaluated in two groups as acquired and inherited. During pregnancy, iron deficiency, which is often an acquired deficiency anemia, and less frequently folic acid deficiency anemia occurs. The main cause of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is; The low level of iron before pregnancy, increased absorption during pregnancy is an increasing need. Hemoglobin (Hb) and serum ferritin levels are measured primarily for the diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia. The lowest Hb value during pregnancy should be <11 gr/dL in 1st and 3rd trimester and <10.5 gr/dL in second trimester. Anemia in pregnancy; increased risk of illness and death of the mother (20-40%), and increased risk of intrauterine growth delay, low birth weight, premature delivery and perinatal mortality in the fetus.In order to prevent maternal and fetal complications, it is important to give iron and folate support to pregnant women. Oral iron therapy in iron deficiency anemia is given as the first line therapy. Intravenous (IV) iron treatment is preferred in cases such as failure of oral treatment, compliance to treatment, very low hemoglobin values and need for fast iron replacement. In this review, it is aimed to examine the evidence-based current approaches in iron and folate deficiency anemia during pregnancy.

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