Hypertension is an important public health problem. Health literacy and medication adherence self-efficacy levels of individuals are very important in the treatment. Adherence to treatment is important because a life-long treatment process begins with the patient's diagnosis of hypertension. The aim of the study is to examine the health literacy and medication compliance self-efficacy levels of individuals diagnosed with hypertension. The study had a descriptive research design. The sample of the study consisted of 219 individuals with a diagnosis of hypertension. Personal Information Form, Health Literacy Scale and Medication Adherence Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form were used to collect the data of the study. Data were analyzed using independent samples t-test, Mann Whitney U Test, Kruskal Wallis Analysis and Pearson Correlation Analysis. It was determined that 22.8% of the individuals were women, 99.1% of them were married, 24.2% of them were employed, and 73.1% of them were literate. The health literacy scale mean score of the individuals was found to be 73.55±9.52. Additionally, the Medication Adherence Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form mean score was determined as 41.07±8.84. It may be recommended to conduct studies to increase individuals' health literacy and medication compliance self-efficacy levels.