Özet:

In the realm of modern art, artists have embarked on a transformative journey, expanding the horizons of traditional artistic paradigms through the exploration of freely expressed forms. This movement, which emerged as a reaction against the rigid constraints of conventional artistic norms, has afforded sculptors a unique opportunity to break free from the traditionally circumscribed boundaries of their craft. Prior to the advent of modern art, sculpture predominantly focused on the human form, its representation adhering closely to anatomical veracity. Modern sculpture has gone beyond that. Its boundaries have expanded with new subjects and it has broken its adherence to anatomical rules. This emancipatory spirit also extended to the materials used in the creation of sculptures. In addition to the continued use of traditional materials, sculptors started to experiment with a wide array of unconventional mediums, thereby expanding the expressive possibilities of their craft. It became increasingly evident that form was not solely a product of material substance but an intricate interplay between emptiness and fullness, light and shadow. This change, which came with modern art, has given the artists more freedom than ever before. This article undertakes the examination of how sculptors, unburdened by the constraints of tradition and liberated with modern art, could handle a subject in different ways, particularly through the representation of the human figure and the theme of movement. The text focuses on how the art of sculpture reflects the freedom of modern art through the human figure and the theme of movement. The analysis centers on the works of three eminent modern sculptors, namely Rodin, Boccioni, and Giacometti, with specific reference to their respective series of “Walking Man” sculptures. To facilitate a comprehensive understanding of the subject matter, this article commences by delineating the transformative shifts that modern sculpture underwent. Subsequently, it explores the underlying artistic philosophies that guided the creative endeavors of these sculptors. The examination revolves around how each sculptor approached and conceptualized the representation of the walking human figure and the dynamic of movement within their respective oeuvres. This entails an exploration of the artistic challenges posed by this thematic exploration and the innovative solutions each sculptor devised in response. The commonalities and differences of the works in terms of perception of movement, theme, perception of time, plastic approach, relationship with space and impact on the viewer were compared and evaluated. As a result of examining the works of three different artists, it is stated that each artist shapes the human body in a different way and reflects the perception of changing times by creating their own unique artistic language. This situation can be summarized as each artist has a unique freedom of expression and produces art in accordance with the rapidly changing perception of modern art. Thus, how modern art’s ways of seeing, which offer endless possibilities, emerged and diversified rapidly has been discussed and explained through these examples.

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