Abstract:

As a result of the rapidly growing population and the developing industry, energy resources are becoming exhausted and therefore it is becoming increasingly necessary to find alternative energy sources. An alternative fuel must be technically feasible, economical, environmentally friendly. One of the alternative fuels is biodiesel. Biodiesel is an alternative, non-toxic, biodegradable and renewable fuel obtained from renewable energy sources. Vegetable oils from oilseed crops such as biodiesel, rapeseed (canola), sunflower, soybean, safflower, animal fats, short chain alcoholic waste in the presence of catalyst can be obtained from home frying oils. Biodiesel does not contain oil; but it can be used as a fuel by mixing it with pure or any oil based diesel. In other words, biodiesel are mono alkyl esters obtained by reaction of vegetable fatty acid esters under certain conditions with simple alcohols such as methanol or ethanol. The types of vegetable oil used as a source of raw materials in biodiesel production are very important. Because the types and ratios of the fatty acids in the oil used indicate the fuel quality of the produced biodiesel. Biodiesel is produced by dilution, microemulsion, pyrolysis and transesterification. In addition, there are studies to treat the wastewater produced during biodiesel production. In this study, after giving general information about biodiesel and its sources, production methods are discussed in detail. A sample study on the treatment of wastewater generated during the production of biodiesel is also included. Further studies on treatment are needed.

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