Abstract:

This study aimed to examine the tumor necrosis factor alpha and interferon gamma expressions in the tumor microenvironment of ovine pulmonary adenocarcinomas of different growth patterns and stages by immunohistochemistry and to investigate the effects of these cytokines on the tumor progression. The material of the present study consisted of lung tissue samples of 26 sheep. Lung tissues were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin, and later, routine procedures tissues were embedded in paraffin wax. To detect histopathological changes, 5-μm tissue sections were cut and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Avidin-biotin peroxidase method was used for immunohistochemistry . Tumoral cells showed acinar, papillary, or mixed-type growths in ovine pulmonary adenocarcinomas. No expressions of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interferon gamma was observed in the control group, whereas all ovine pulmonary adenocarcinomas were immunohistochemically positive for tumor necrosis factor alpha and interferon gamma. In advanced-stage cases, the reactions were much more severe than in early-stage cases. The reactions were particularly concentrated in the cytoplasm of alveolar macrophages around the tumoral areas. Tumor necrosis factor alpha and interferon gamma can be remarkable markers to evaluate the severity of disease.

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