Abstract:

The architectural structure of any society reflects the cultural, social, and religious foundations of that society. The house, being the earliest human refuge, exhibits the most significant cultural influences in various societies. Residential houses have traditionally been regarded as one of the most important styles of Iranian architecture, and they have played an important role in the society᾿s social and cultural development. Domestic houses are built primarily to meet climatic and socio-cultural needs, and they have a distinct style that allows for the most efficient use of space and the regulation of environmental conditions in both hot and cold climates in accordance with the region᾿s cultural and social structure. Private and public areas were created for privacy purposes. According to climatic and cultural needs, housing areas were built around courtyards, and socio-cultural relations had a significant impact on the physical form and spatial design of traditional Iranian homes. Learning about the cultural distinctions in these societies by looking at the spatial arrangement of different settlements. The spatial structure of traditional houses in Yezd and Tebriz is explored in the present study, and the layouts of these houses are analyzed and compared. The distribution of spatial and functional spaces in the main portions of the buildings, their connection to each other and the importance of the technological structure of these elements in the formation of the houses in both climates were examined. The spatial structure of traditional houses in Yezd and Tebriz is explored in the present study, and the layouts of these houses are analyzed and compared. The relevance of the technological structure of these elements in the development of houses in both climates, as well as the distribution of formal and functional spaces in the main portions of the buildings and their connection to each other, was examined. As study material, six traditional house types from these two cities were chosen. Using a qualitative and descriptive strategy, the possibilities of the socio-cultural logic of the space and the climate features are examined in the present study, which employs the descriptive-analytical approach. In this direction, the spatial distribution and house typologies can be understood by examining the layouts and appearances of the houses, using the physical qualities and information obtained from them, and analyzing the relationships and connections between them. The findings reveal that, despite a consistent introversion style in both cities᾿ houses, there are disparities in the design, arrangement, and spatial distribution of these cities᾿ existing traditional houses. These differences could indicate that the houses in Yezd have more spatial depth, less permeability, and a greater separation between the internal and outside spaces compared to those in Tebriz. It has been noted that these disparities are often produced by social-cultural and climatic factors, with privacy and the establishment of private spaces being the most important influence in this regard.

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