Özet:

This study aims to examine the reflection of transformation in management approach of Ottoman Empire into Deed of Alliance (Sened-i İttifak), The Imperial Edict of Gülhane (Tanzimat Fermanı), and Ottoman Reform Edict (Islahat Fermanı). The paper discusses the breaking points and continuities of the Ottoman Empire's Westernization based on the administrative paradigm through the constitutional documents. In this context, firstly, the Ancient Regime (Nizam-ı Kadîm), the classical management understanding of the Ottoman Empire, and its elements are examined. Then, the Deed of Alliance, which was accepted as the first constitutional document of the Ottoman Empire, is compared with the Ancient Regime in terms of its content, and the similarities are pointed out. Afterward, The Imperial Edict of Gülhane is examined, and a tendency to the concept of citizenship produced within the Western management approach is noticed. It is pointed out that the concept of citizenship in the modern sense, which was included in The Imperial Edict of Gülhane, caused a fracture at the level of constitutional documents in the context of individual-state relations. The economic, social, and political reasons why the concept of Western citizenship replaced the national system in the Ottoman mentality are mentioned. The social effects of the transformation that started to occur in the understanding of administration by the Imperial Edict of Gülhane and the reactions of foreign states to it are investigated. By examining the content and preparation process of Reform Edict, it is determined that it served to deepen and perpetuate the fracture initiated by the Imperial Edict of Gülhane.

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