Abstract:

Malaria, which has been threatening mankind for many years in the world, was one of the most common diseases encountered also in the Anatolian geography. Especially as a result of the wars that took place in Anatolia in the 20th century, malaria seriously spread in many regions and cities there. The use of quinine was a foremost method among others used by the Ottoman Empire in the fight against this disease. However, the disease continued to be one of the most important health problems that even the new Turkish State, established with the proclamation of the Turkish Republic, had to deal with. Malaria was a disease that the administration of the republic, especially Gazi Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, and almost all of the Turkish people faced at some point in their lives. Due to the current situation, comprehensive studies have been initiated to fight against malaria disease, which is quite common in Anatolia that time, immediately after the proclamation of the republic. From the proclamation of the republic, malaria control activities were carried out by the municipal organization in Istanbul until March 1929, when the malaria control organization began its activities. With the establishment of the organization, malaria was brought under control throughout Istanbul as a result of extensive work carried out by expert personnel. The Extraordinary Malaria War was waged across the country in 1945 against malaria, which increased with the Second World War process. The focus of our study includes the establishment, organization and activities of the Istanbul Malaria Organization, one of the malaria organizations established after the proclamation of the republic.

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