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Montaj hattı dengeleme problemi belirli işlem sürelerine sahip olan işlerin, öncelik ilişkileri göz önünde bulundurularak, çeşitli amaçları eniyileyecek şekilde iş istasyonlarına atanmasıdır. Bilimsel yazında montaj hattı dengeleme problemini çözebilmek amacıyla birtakım varsayımlarda bulunulmuştur. Bunlardan bir tanesi, hat dengelenirken işçilerin özdeş olduğu ve bir işin işlem süresinin işçiden işçiye değişmeyip sabit kaldığı varsayımıdır. Ancak gerçek hayat montaj hatlarında çalışan işçilerin özdeş olduğunu varsaymak mantıklı bir yaklaşım değildir, çünkü her bir işçinin kendine has bilgi birikimi, fiziksel kapasitesi, beceri düzeyi gibi özellikleri vardır. Dolayısıyla, aynı işi farklı işçilerin işleme süreleri eşit olmamaktadır. Gerçek hayat uygulamalarıyla bilimsel yazın arasındaki bu kopukluğu gidermek amacıyla montaj hattı dengeleme ve işgücü atama problemi sunulmuştur. Montaj hattı dengeleme ve işgücü atama problemi, aynı anda hem işlerin işçilere, hem de işçilerin istasyonlara atandığı bir çifte atama problemidir. Bu çalışmada, endüstriyel buzdolabı üretimi yapan bir firmaya ait montaj hattında dengeleme ve işgücü atama çalışması yapılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında, tamsayılı bir doğrusal matematiksel model önerilmiş ve Lingo çözücüsü yardımıyla çözülmüştür. Elde edilen sonuçlar, hattın çevrim süresinin 4784sn’den 2725sn’ye düşürüldüğünü ve aynı zamanda hattın etkinliğinin de %66’dan %94’e yükseldiği göstermiştir. Burada önemli olan nokta ise, bu iyileştirmelerin hiçbir ekstra maliyet ortaya çıkarmadan sağlanmış olmasıdır.
The problem of the assembly line balance is the assignment of works with specific processing times, taking into account the priority relationships, to work stations in such a way that mines the various purposes. Scientific summer assumptions have been made in order to solve the balance problem of the assembly line. One of these is the assumption that the workers are identical when the line is balanced and that the processing time of a work does not change from the worker to the worker and remains stable. But it is not a reasonable approach to assume that workers working on real life assembly lines are identical, because each worker has its own knowledge accumulation, physical capacity, skill level, and other characteristics. Therefore, the same work is not equal to the working hours of different workers. In order to solve this gap between real life practices and scientific summer, the assembly line balance and labour assignment problems have been presented. The balance of the assembly line and the problem of employment assignment is a problem of double assignment where both jobs are assigned to workers and workers to stations at the same time. In this study, balancing and employment assignment work was carried out on the assembly line of an industrial refrigerator company. In the framework of the study, a comprehensive linear mathematical model was proposed and solved with the help of the Lingo solution. The results showed that the line's circulation time was reduced from 4784sn to 2725sn, and the line's efficiency increased from 66% to 94% at the same time. The important thing here is that these improvements are provided without any additional cost.
The assembly line balancing problem is the assignment of tasks with certain operation times to workstations in a way that optimizes various goals while taking precedence relations into account. Some assumptions have been made in order to solve the assembly line balancing problem in the relevant literature. One of them is the assumption that the workers are identical and the operation time of a task remains constant from worker to worker. However, it does not make sense to assume that all workers on real life assembly lines are identical because each worker has their own unique knowledge, physical capacity, and skill level. Therefore, the processing times of different workers for the same task are not equal. The assembly line balancing and workforce assignment problem (ALBWAP) is presented in order to close this gap between real life applications and scientific literature. The ALBWAP is a double assignment problem in which tasks are assigned to workers and workers to stations simultaneously. In this paper, balancing and workforce assignment study is carried out in the assembly line of a company that produces industrial refrigerators. Within the scope of the study, an integer linear mathematical model is proposed and solved via Lingo solver. The obtained results indicate that the cycle time of the line is decreased from 4784s to 2725s, while its efficiency is increased from 66% to 94%. The important point here is that these improvements are achieved at no additional cost.
Alan : Mühendislik; Fen Bilimleri ve Matematik
Dergi Türü : Ulusal
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