Özet:

Obesity prevention and weight loss are not simple issues, and any accurate model of obesity must include known physiological processes that hinder weight loss and promote weight gain. Despite all the advances in science, there is an increase in obesity, which is still associated with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. There is evidence that low carbohydrate diets help in the remission of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, with an improvement in the lipid profile and reduction in liver fat. Insulin has the function of coordinating the use of glucose and free fatty acids, exerting anabolic control, and reducing the circulating concentration of all metabolic fuels. Such physiological action guided the insulin model of obesity to point out that diets rich in carbohydrates would increase weight by increasing insulin secretion. This literature review aimed to study how insulin modulation through the consumption of dietary carbohydrates can promote effects on adipose tissue during weight loss. Based on the available literature, it can be concluded that carbohydrate-restricted diets are useful tools in some clinical situations, but they are overestimated in helping to lose weight. High-quality published meta-analyses point to little or no difference, indirectly discarding the hypothesis that modulation of insulin levels by carbohydrate consumption would further reduce adipose tissue. It is recommended, if this dietary pattern is prescribed, monitoring adherence, in an effort to make it nutritionally complete and to avoid possible emergence of eating disorders.  

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