Özet:

The drying of food products under the sun is one of the oldest and most common traditional food preservation methods known. But with this method, the drying of the product takes too much time and the quality of the product is reduced with uncleanties that may come from the outside. Different dryers have been developed to solve these problems. Drying with dryers in the sun is not economical due to energy expenditure. However, solar dryers are more economical than other dryers because they only use solar energy without any fuel or electricity. The humidity content and the temperature of the drying that should be removed in this study, the apple pieces, which are high in the drying temperature, are dryed in a multi-layer solar-energy dryer with natural convexion. The apples are dryed with a multi-rack sun-energy dryer, directly under the sun and in the shadow. The drying conditions are selected as the amount of the material charged on the rack, the thickness of the shell, the duration of drying, the conditions of the air in the drying cabin and the position of the rack. The effect of these drying conditions on apple drying is determined by humidity loss, drying speed and the melting rates. The drying of apples with a multi-rack sun-energy dryer has been faster than the drying in the shadow and direct to the sun. The increase in the temperature of the air in the dryer, the decrease in the thickness of the apple shell, the increase in the drying time and the increase in the amount of the loaded substance increased to the dryer.

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