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İftâ faaliyeti ve usûlü ile ilgili hususlara ilk dönemlerde fürû-i fıkıh eserlerinin edebü’l-fetvâ / âdâbü’l-müftî adını taşıyan bölümlerinde yer verilmiş, ilerleyen süreçte ise aynı adı taşıyan müstakil eserler kaleme alınmıştır. Bu konudaki ilk müstakil eserler olarak İbnü’s-Salâh eş-Şehrezûrî’nin Edebü’l-müftî ve’l-müsteftî’si ile İbn Hamdân’ın Sıfatü’l-müftî ve’l-müsteftî adlı eseri zikredilebilir. Diğer mezheplere nispeten, Hanefî mezhebinde fetvâ usûlünü konu edinen müstakil eserler daha geç bir dönemde telif edilmiştir. Tespit edebildiğimiz kadarıyla ilk müstakil Hanefî fetvâ usûlü eseri Muhammed ed-Destinâî’nin Âdâbü’l-müftîn adlı risâlesidir. IX. (XV.) yüzyılın sonları veya X. (XVI.) yüzyılın başlarında kaleme alındığı düşünülen bu eserin sadece tek nüshası tespit edilebilmiştir. Dört varaktan müteşekkil risâlede, fetvâ kavramı ve türevleri, müftünün âdâbı ve şartları ile müsteftînin âdabı konularına yer verilmektedir. Bu makalede, ilk müstakil Hanefî fetvâ usûlü eseri olan ve kaynaklarda hakkında fazla bilgi bulunmayan Âdâbü’l-müftîn adlı risâle ile müellifi Muhammed ed-Destinâî tanıtılacaktır. Ayrıca fetvâ usûlü literatürüne katkı düşüncesiyle bu muhtasar risâlenin tahkikli metnine de yer verilecektir.
In the first verse of the Qur’an, the first verse of the Qur’an was revealed, and the first verse of the Qur’an was revealed, and the first verse of the Qur’an was revealed, and the first verse of the Qur’an was revealed. In the first verse of the Qur’an, the Qur’an was revealed, and the Qur’an was revealed, and the Qur’an was revealed, and the Qur’an was revealed. The rest of the tribes, which were in the midst of the covenant, were in the midst of the covenant, which was in the midst of the covenant. As far as we can find the first Manefî fetvâ usûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûû The IX. and XV. The end of the century or X. by XVI. In the beginning of the century it was only possible to identify the one piece of this work. Thus, four of them are the worshippers, the worshippers, the worshippers, the worshippers, the worshippers, the worshippers, the worshippers, the worshippers, and the worshippers. In this article, the first person to be presented is Muhammad ed-Destinâi, who has the first Hanefî fetvâ usûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûû In addition, it will also be given the contribution to the literature of the fetvâ usûl, with this exhaustive text of the messenger.
In the first periods, the procedure and methodology of iftâ were discussed in the sections adab al-muftî or adab al-fatwa of fiqh works. In the following process, independent works containing these subjects with the same name were written. Among the first independent works on this subject, Ibn al-Salâh’s Edebü’l-müftî ve’l-müsteftî and Ibn al-Hamdân’ın Sıfatü’l-müftî ve’l-müsteftî can be mentioned. In comparison with other madhabs, the independent works on the fatwa methodology of Hanafi were written later. As far as we can determine, the first independent work on Hanafi fatwa methodology is tractate of Mohammed al-Destinâî named Âdâb al-muftîn. Only one copy of this work, which was thought to have been written at the end of the IX. (XV.) century or the beginning of the X. (XVI.) century, was identified. In the work, which consists of four sheets, are included the meanings of the term of fetwa and its derivatives, conditions of the mufti and müstefit. In this article, a tractate named Âdâb al-muftîn, which was the first independent work on Hanafi fatwa methodology and not too much information in sources, and its author will be introduced. In addition, with the thought of contributing to the literature of fetvâ methodology the critical edition of this compendious tractate, will be included.
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Dergi Türü : Ulusal
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