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XIX. yüzyılda buharlı gemilerin ve diğer toplu taşımların yaygınlaşmasıyla ulaşımın kolay ve her sosyal sınıftan Avrupalı seyyahın farklı niyet ve merak duygularını gerçekleştirdikleri dönemde Batı Edebiyatında gezi türünden yazılara ilginin artığını görüyoruz. Gezi türünde eser veren iki yazar ve seyyah, Doğu’da gördükleri tarihî eserleri, farklı kültür, inanç ve âdetleri öne çıkan konuları ele alırlar. Gérard de Nerval “Doğu’da Seyahat”isimli eserinde, François-René de Chateaubriand ise ”Paris-Kudüs Yolculuğu” eserinde gözlem ve izlenimlerine dayalı bilgiler sergilemişlerdir. Gezi yazılarında gezip gördükleri yerler hakkında birçok bilgi edinimlerini ve gezi esnasında tanıştıkları insanlarla iletişimlerini “Drogman” olarak adlandırılan çevirmenler sayesinde gerçekleştirirler. Batı ve doğu dillerini iyi derecede bilen “Drogman” olarak adlandırılan çevirmenler Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nda gerçekleştirilen yazılı ve sözlü çevirilere büyük katkıları olmuştur. İmparatorluğa gelen birçok seyyah, elçi, siyasetçi ve bilim adamları İmparatorluk tarafından görevlendirilen veya kendi imkânlarıyla çevirmen temin edenler arasında Nerval ve Chateaubriand bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmamızda her iki eserdeki “drogman”ların kişilere verdikleri çeviri hizmetlerinin tarafsızlığını ve bu kişilerinin kendilerine yönelik davranış ve düşünlerini sosyolojik ve edebi eleştiri yöntemiyle analiz edilmeye çalışılacaktır.
The XIX. With the spread of steam vessels and other public transportation in the century, we see an increase in interest in the writings from the type of journey in Western Literature in the period when the transportation is easy and the different intentions and curiosities of the European journey from every social class are realized. The two writers and travelers, who work in the style of the tour, discuss the topics of the historical works they see in the East, the different cultures, beliefs and traditions. In Gérard de Nerval’s work “Travel in the East” and François-René de Chateaubriand’s work “Travel Paris-Jesus” they showed information based on their observations and impressions. They gain a lot of information about the places they travel and see in their travel writings and communicate with the people they met during the trip through translators called "Drogman". The translators known as "Drogman" who well know the western and eastern languages have made a great contribution to the written and verbal translations carried out in the Ottoman Empire. Many travelers, messengers, politicians, and scientists who come to the Empire are among those who are assigned by the Empire or who provide translators with their own possibilities are Nerval and Chateaubriand. In this work we will try to analyze the neutrality of the translation services that the "drogman" in both works provide to persons and their behaviors and thoughts towards themselves through the method of sociological and literary criticism.
In the 19 th century, when steam ships and other public transport became widespread, we saw an increase in the interest in travel literature in Western Literature during the period when the European traveller from each social class realized different intentions and curiosities. Two writers and travellers have given works in the genre of travel narrative deal with historical artifacts, different cultures, beliefs and customs. Gérard de Nerval presented information based on his observations and impressions in his work “Journey to the East”, and François-René de Chateaubriand in his work “Route from Paris to Jerusalem.” In their travel writings, they acquire a lot of information about the places they visit and communicate with the people they meet during the trip thanks to the translators called “Drogman”. The translators, known as “Drogman”, who have a good command of the Western and Eastern languages, have made great contributions to the written and oral translations of the Ottoman Empire. Many travellers, ambassadors, politicians and scientists who came to the Empire were commissioned by the Empire or provided translators at their own expense, including Nerval and Chateaubriand. In this study, the objectivity of the translation services provided by the “drogman(s)” in both works, their attitudes and thoughts towards them will be analyzed with sociological and literary criticism method.
Field : Eğitim Bilimleri; Filoloji; Güzel Sanatlar; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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