Atıf Sayısı
6
Görüntüleme
313
İndirme
13
Marmara Denizi, İstanbul ve Çanakkale Boğazı’ndan oluşan Boğazlar Bölgesi, tarih boyunca ekonomik, politik, askeri yönden büyük devletlerin dikkatini çekmiştir. Osmanlı Devleti’nin arazisini ele geçirmeye yönelik emperyalist müdahalenin başarısızlığı ile sonuçlanan Kurtuluş Savaşı sonrasında, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devleti’nin yasal sınırlarını onaylamak, yeni bir Yakın Doğu tesis etmek üzere Lozan Konferansı toplanmıştır. Boğazları kontrolünde tutan devletlerle, bu deniz yolundan yararlanmak isteyen devletlerin arasındaki sorunlar ve bu sorunların çözümüne ilişkin çalışmalar, konferansta Boğazlar Meselesi kapsamında tartışılmıştır. Lozan Konferansı yeni Türk devletinin sınırlarının çizildiği bir sözleşme ile sonuçlanmış; antlaşmada Türkiye’nin bağımsız ve egemen bir devlet olduğu tasdik edilirken, Boğazlar konusundaki muamele bu düzenlemeye uygun olarak yapılmamıştır. Bu çalışmada Lozan Konferansı’nda tartışılan en önemli konulardan biri olan Boğazlar Sorununa değinilmiş, konferans süresinde ve ikili görüşmelerde yapılan konuşmalar, öne sürülen çözümler ile ilgili bilgi verilmiştir. Katılan devletlerin meseleye ilişkin siyasi manevraları, bu eylemlerin altında yatan sebepler araştırılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Rus diplomatik kaynaklarına dayanarak Karadeniz ile Akdeniz çevresinin ve halklarının ekonomik, kültürel gelişiminde önemli rolü olan bu bölge üzerinde uluslararası ilişkilerin nedenlerini, koşullarını, özelliklerini ve sonuçlarını araştırmaktır. Ayrıca devletlerarası çatışmalar sırasında ve sonrasında ülkelerin konumlarını belirlemek, değerlendirmek, onlara nihai bir tanım vermek de bildirinin temel amaçları içerisinde yer almaktadır. Bu araştırma kapsamında Lozan Konferansı Tutanakları ve Lozan Antlaşması metni ana kaynak olarak incelenmiştir. Konferans tutanaklarının yanı sıra, önemli bulunan hatıratlara, telgraf ve anılara da yer verilmiştir. Lozan Konferansı’nda Boğazlar Meselesi ’ne taraf olan Sovyetler Birliği’nin yaklaşımı SSCB Dışişleri Komiserliği’nin belgeleri, notaları ve mektupları ele alınarak incelenmiştir. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin konferanstaki baş delegesi İsmet İnönü’nün ve Ankara Hükümeti’nin boğazlar sorunu ile ilgili politik yaklaşımları incelenerek yorumlanmıştır. Boğazlar Meselesi’nin konferansa katılan tarafların hedefleri ve stratejik çıkarları açısından kapsamlı jeopolitik analizinin yapılması, bu deneyimin ışığında hangi rejimin yeni Türk devletinin çıkarlarına daha uygun olduğu gerçeğini ortaya çıkarmaya hizmet etmektedir.
The Boğazlar Region, which consists of the Marmara Sea, Istanbul and Çanakkale Gulf, has attracted the attention of major states in economic, political, and military terms throughout history. After the Liberation War, which resulted in the failure of the imperialist intervention towards the occupation of the territory of the Ottoman State, the Lozan Conference was gathered to approve the legal borders of the Republic of Turkey, to establish a new Middle East. The issues between the states that keep their throats under control and the states that want to benefit from this sea path and the work on the solution of these problems were discussed in the context of the throats issue in the conference. The Lozan Conference ended with a treaty in which the boundaries of the new Turkish state were drawn; while the treaty confirmed that Turkey is an independent and sovereign state, the treatment of the Boğazlar has not been carried out in accordance with this regulation. In this study, one of the most important topics discussed at the Lozan Conference, the Boğazlar Problem was addressed, the talks held during the conference and in bilateral talks were given information about the proposed solutions. The political maneuveres of the participating states on the issue, the reasons under these actions have been investigated. The aim of this study is to explore the causes, conditions, characteristics and consequences of international relations on this region, which has an important role in the economic and cultural development of the Black Sea and the Mediterranean surroundings and their peoples, based on Russian diplomatic resources. In addition, during and after inter-state conflicts, determining, evaluating and giving them a final definition is one of the main objectives of the report. In the framework of this research, the Lozan Conference Convention and the text of the Lozan Treaty were considered as the main source. In addition to the conference posts, important memories, telegraphs and memories were also placed. The approach of the Soviet Union, which was part of the Lozan Conference on the Thunder's Question, was examined by discussing the documents, notes and letters of the Soviet Union's Foreign Affairs Commission. The main delegate of the Republic of Turkey at the conference Ismet Inönü and the Ankara Government’s political approaches to the throat issue were interpreted by examining. The conduct of a comprehensive geopolitical analysis in terms of the objectives and strategic interests of the parties participating in the conference, in the light of this experience, serves to reveal the fact which regime is more suitable for the interests of the new Turkish state.
The Marmara Sea, Istanbul and the Straits of the Dardanelles have attracted the attention of great powers from the economic, political and military perspectives throughout history. After the war which resulted in the failure of the imperialist intervention to seize the land of the Ottoman State, the Lausanne Conference was convened to approve the legal limits of the Republic of Turkey and to establish a new Near East. The studies on the problems between the states that control the straits and the states that want to benefit from this sea route and the solutions of the problems have been discussed within the scope of the Straits Question at the conference. The Lausanne Conference concluded with a treaty which defines the lines of the new Turkish State. It has been acknowledged in the Treaty that Turkey is an independent and sovereign state, but the treatment on the Straits issue has not been made in accordance with this arrangement. In this study, one of the most important issues discussed in the Lausanne Conference- the question of the Straits was addressed, information was given about the solutions which were put forward, speeches made during the conference and bilateral talks. Political maneuvers related to the issues of the participating states have been searched for the reasons underlying these actions. The Straits question was interpreted by examining the political approaches of the main delegate of the conference, İsmet İnönü and the Government of Ankara. In the study, the document analysis method, which is one of the qualitative research methods, was used, and the resources of the period were examined. In addition to the reports of the conference, important memories, telegrams and memorials were also included. The approach of the Soviet Union, which is a party to the Straits question was examined at the Lausanne Conference by analyzing the documents, notations and letters of the Foreign Affairs Commissioner. The Lausanne Conference, which was the beginning of Turkey’s legitimacy as a state on the international scene, still has an important place in the perception and interpretation of foreign policy.
Alan : Güzel Sanatlar; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
Makale Detay 
Atıf Yapanlar
Benzer Makaleler
PDF Görüntüle
Dergi Bilgisi
Eseri Dinleyin
Bu Sayfayı Yazdırın
Paylaş
Mendeley
