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15
İnsanın bireysel ve toplumsal yaşamını yeni bir anlayışla oluşturmaya çalışan “Aydınlanma” hareketi, düşünsel ve kültürel temellerini oluşturarak modernleşme hareketine dönüşmüş, ancak modernizmin beklentilerini karşılayamayarak, gerek toplumsal gerek sanatsal bağlamda tüm dünyada hayal kırıklığına yol açmış, II. Dünya Savaşı’nın başlamasıyla sona ermiştir. Savaş sonrası ortaya çıkan postmodern dönemle birlikte, düşünsel ve kültürel eleştirinin boyutları değişmiş, ABD’nin egemenliğinde şekillenen yeni dünya düzeninin etkileri sanata yansımış, bu durum sanatı tek bir sanatsal harekette, tek bir üslupta aramayı olanaksızlaştırmıştır. Sanatçılar çoğulcu, disiplinlerarası çalışmalarıyla geçmişe atıfta bulunarak, geçmişin tüm düşünsel ve sanatsal yapılanmalarına eleştirel bir gözle bakmışlar, sanat, özgün ve estetik olanı savunan anlayıştan, yapıtın form ve üslup bütünlüğüne karşı çıkan bir betimleme niteliğine dönüşmüştür. Bu çerçevede, belli bir sanat dalının üstünlüğü sona erdirilirken, herhangi bir türe bağlı kalmaksızın resim, heykel, seramik vb. gibi farklı ifade biçimlerinin harmanlanmasıyla, türlerin kaynaştığı bir anlayış gelişmiştir. Multidisipliner sanat anlayışıyla, modernistlerce üstün sanat olarak kabul edilen yağlı boya resimler, diğer disiplinlerle birleştirilerek, özellikle postmodern sanat stratejilerinde öncelikli disiplinler olarak öne çıkan resim ve seramik birlikteliği ile “yüksek ve düşük” sanat ayırımına son verilmek istenmiştir. Bu bağlamda, gelenekselle çağdaş birleşmiş, farklı teknikler bir arada kullanılmış, bunlar yapılırken toplumsal ve kültürel endişeler yeniden gündeme getirilerek, sanat dünyasına meydan okunmuştur. Ayrıca bu anlayış, tüm dünyada pek çok sanatçı tarafından benimsenmiş, sınırları aşan çeşitlilikte sanat yapıtı ortaya konmasına yol açmıştır. Araştırmanın içeriğini oluşturan yeni kavramsalcı resim ve seramik birlikteliğinin oluşum ve gelişimi, sanatın tarihsel süreci içerisinde analiz edilmiş, ortaya konan bulgular geniş bir kaynakça üzerinden ele alınmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, örnek resimlerle desteklenmiştir. Konunun genel bir değerlendirmesi sonuç bölümünde ortaya konmuştur.
The "Lightning" movement, which is trying to create the individual and social life of man with a new understanding, has become a modernization movement by creating his mental and cultural foundations, but by failing to meet the expectations of modernism, has led to disappointment throughout the world in the social and artistic context. It ended with the beginning of the World War. With the postmodern period that emerged after the war, the dimensions of thought and cultural criticism changed, the effects of the new world order formed under the U.S. domination reflected in the art, this situation made the art unable to seek in one art movement, in one style. The artists, referring to the past through their multidisciplinary work, critically looked at all the mental and artistic structures of the past, from the art that defends the original and aesthetic, to a character of representation that is contrary to the shape and uniform integrity of the work. In this framework, the superiority of a particular branch of art is ended, painting, sculpture, ceramics, etc. without any kind of connection. With the combination of different forms of expression, a understanding of the species is developed. With the multidisciplinary art concept, the modernists have sought to end the "high and low" art distinction, combined with other disciplines, especially with the painting and ceramic combination that stands out as primary disciplines in postmodern art strategies. In this context, traditionally modernly united, different techniques have been used together, while they are done, social and cultural concerns have been reorganized and challenged to the art world. Moreover, this understanding has led to the appearance of artwork in a diversity that transcends the boundaries, adopted by many artists worldwide. The formation and development of the new conceptual painting and ceramic combination that forms the contents of the research, the findings analyzed in the historical process of art, the findings revealed were addressed through a wide source. The findings obtained are supported by examples of images. A general assessment of the subject was revealed in the result section.
The "Enlightenment" movement, which tried to create the individual and social life of people with a new understanding, turned into a modernization movement by forming its intellectual and cultural foundations, however, it could not meet the expectations of modernism and caused disappointment both in the social and artistic context throughout the world. It ended with the start of World War II. With the postmodern period that emerged after the war, the dimensions of intellectual and cultural criticism changed, the effects of the new world order shaped under the domination of the USA were reflected on art, which made it impossible to search for art in a single artistic movement, in a single style. By referring to the past with their pluralistic, interdisciplinary works, the artists have critically looked at all the intellectual and artistic structures of the past, and art has transformed from an understanding that defends the original and aesthetic to a description that opposes the integrity of the work's form and style. In this framework, while the superiority of a certain branch of art is ended, painting, sculpture, ceramics, etc., regardless of any genre. With the blending of different forms of expression, an understanding of fusion of genres has developed. With a multidisciplinary understanding of art, oil paintings, which are accepted as superior art by modernists, are combined with other disciplines, and it is aimed to put an end to the separation of "high and low" art with the unity of painting and ceramics, which stand out as priority disciplines especially in postmodern art strategies. In this context, traditional and contemporary combined, different techniques were used together, while social and cultural concerns were brought to the agenda again, and the art world was challenged. In addition, this understanding has been adopted by many artists all over the world and has led to the creation of a variety of artworks that go beyond borders. The formation and development of the new conceptualist painting and ceramic union, which constitutes the content of the research, has been analyzed in the historical process of art, and the findings are discussed through a wide bibliography. The findings were supported with sample pictures. A general evaluation of the subject is presented in the conclusion section.
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