Abstract:

In our country, since the 1950s, the intense migration from rural to city has been accelerating with the participation of millions of people in the subsequent periods. This immigration flow has led to a rapid, widespread and uncontrolled structure in cities. Since the second half of the 1980s, urban construction, with a remarkable increase, has revealed hundreds of thousands of new buildings and millions of houses in the 1990s. In the process of intensive construction, technical errors, negligence, lack of control and legal vacancies, for a wide variety of reasons, "building quality" has been put to the second place from time to time. Under these conditions, three different construction periods have emerged in terms of construction safety. These periods are before 1990, 1990-2000 and after 2000. The 1990-2000 period is a more problematic period in terms of construction safety than in other periods. Several data related to the 17th August 1999 Marmara earthquake, the 23th October 2011 Van earthquake and the 24th January 2020 Elazığ earthquake confirm this periodic approach. According to these data, there is a remarkable relationship between the construction period and the risk of earthquake damage. Although the work on transforming risky structures has been ongoing since 2012 through urban transformation practices, these structures are still expressed as millions of houses.

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