Özet:

Maternal nutrition during pregnancy determines fetal nutrition. Impaired fetal nutrition causes an adaptation which improves the chance for survival of the fetus. These adaptations may be vascular, metabolic or endocrine. They permanently change the function and the structure of the body in adult life. In combination with adverse adult-life risk factors, these persisting fetal adaptations causing low-birth-weight increase the risk for adult diseases such as hypertension, insulin, resistance and hypercholesterolemia according to “ fetal programming” hypothesis. In addition, beside maternal malnutrition during pregnancy, maternal genes such as G protein β3 subunit allele may contribute to fetal malnutrition and therefore induce these adaptations of the fetus which causes cardiovascular disease in adult life. This review gives the current knowledge about fetal programming and its manipulation in the highlight of the literature

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