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Kulların fiillerinin ancak Allah’ın yaratmasıyla mümkün olduğunu savunan Ebu’l-Mu‘în en-Nesefî yaratma söz konusu olduğunda insanın fiillerinden sorumlu olduğunu bildirmiştir. Aksi halde Nesefî’ye göre kişi sorumluluğu tamamen Yaratıcı’ya yükleyerek kendi üzerinden atamaz. Böylelikle Nesefi’ye göre ilâhi emirlerden sorumlu tutulan kimseler kendi tutumlarıyla âhiretlerini inşa etmektedirler. Nesefî, Cebriyye ve Mu’tezîle gibi grupların kader, âhiret ile ilgili düşüncelerine katılmadığı gibi onları sert bir dille eleştirmiştir. Ne tamamen aklı ne de tamamen kaderi sorumlu tutmuştur. Âhiret görüşü aynı bu perspektif doğrultusunda zuhur etmiştir. Nesefî’ye göre kader noktasında insanların fiillerini yaratan Allah’tır. Fakat kaza ve kader meydana geldiğinde veya ortaya çıkmadan önce kul fiilinde herhangi bir mecburiyeti yoktur. Ona göre kul fiillerini seçmekte özgürdür. Hiçbir zorlama söz konusu değildir. Yalnızca kulun taat ve masiyet potansiyeli bulunmaktadır. Dolayısıyla âhirete bakışı muhtemeldir ki tercihini Allah’ın emirlerine uygun olarak fiile döken kimse âhirette ödüllendirilecekken, tam aksine seçim hakkını kötülükten yana tercih edenler ise âhirette elim bir şekilde cezalandırılacaklardır.
The creation of God is the creation of God, and the creation of God is the creation of God, and the creation of God is the creation of God. Otherwise, according to the Nesefi, the person cannot put responsibility on the Creator completely. Those who are responsible for the divine commandments according to the Nesefi, thus build their life with their own attitudes. The fate of groups such as Nesefî, Cebriyye and Mu'tezîle has criticized them in a hard language as they do not participate in their thoughts about the future. He was neither fully intelligent nor fully responsible for his fate. The vision of the future is the same in the perspective. God is the creator of the people. But when accident or fate occurs or before it occurs, there is no obligation in the slave fact. He is free to choose his servants. There is no compulsion. Only the servant has the ability to obedience and masity. Thus, the sight of the past is likely that whoever makes his preference according to the commandments of Allah will be rewarded in the past, and whoever chooses the right to choose from the evil will be punished in the past.
Abu al-Mu‘in al-Nasafi who defends that the actions of a creature are possible only through the creation of Allah has indicated that when it comes to this creation, the responsibility of the actions of man again belongs to man. According to Nasafi, there are two major meanings of destiny. The first of these is the measure that the objects emerge according to them. The main intention from here is related to the occurrence of everything as it should be. This situation, of course, takes place in a certain measure, system, and order. The second one is to declare everything in terms of time or place, at the point of good deeds and sins as they will be. In this case, people have the opportunity to choose their own from the actions on these processes. Especially, this view of Nasafi who focusing on the second meaning has been adopted more. Nasafi did not agree with the thoughts of multiple groups such as Cebriyya and Multazila about fate and the hereafter as well as criticized them harshly. He holds responsible neither completely mind nor completely fate. The vision of the hereafter also appeared in line with this perspective. According to him, it is of course Allah who creates people’s actions at the point of destiny. However, there is not any obligation on people’s actions when predestination and destiny take place or before they arise. According to him, people free about choosing their actions, there is no compulsion. Only the people have the potential for devotion and mastery. Therefore, it is probable the view of the hereafter that the person who acts positively will be rewarded in the hereafter, on the contrary, those who prefer the right to choose for evil will be punished painfully in the hereafter.
Alan : İlahiyat
Dergi Türü : Ulusal
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