Abstract:

Packaging materials used in the food industry have various shapes and a wide range of functions. Selection of the most suitable packaging depends on many factors, especially the type of food that needs to be protected. In this sense, it can be said that significant progress has been made in food packaging in recent years and that metal packaging has made a significant contribution. In their simplest definition, metals are chemical elements with "metallic properties" or "metals properties." Such chemical elements include luster, thermal structure, electrical conductivity, high thermal conductivity, crystal structure, magnetization, and the ability to be permanently shaped or deformed at room temperature. There are many types of metals, even in their most typical forms. Metal is widely used as packaging and production material in many areas of industry. Especially in the packaging sector: industrial oil, paint, chemical substance boxes, two and three-piece canned food, tomato paste, oil, cheese, etc. Packaging many industrial products, such as food and beverage cans, provides significant advantages. The food packaging system emerged due to increasing global foodborne epidemics and related health and safety concerns. In this sense, packaging technology is essential to have information about the environment in which the shelf life of food products must be extended to optimize the entire packaging system because the structure and material of the packaging play an important role in determining the life of the food. The correct selection of packaging materials and technologies preserves the product's quality and freshness during distribution and storage. Among the materials traditionally used in food packaging, metals (aluminum, foils and laminates, tinplate, and tin-free steel) come first. Biobased packaging materials have a lower environmental impact than petroleum-based materials. Still, their properties must be well formulated to encourage industry use so much that packaging requires information about available materials, food, distribution system, shelf life, and environmental impact. Almost the majority of materials used in food packaging are metals. Elements used in food packaging are used in very pure form (aluminum) and metal alloys (steel, tinplate). Therefore, the production of food packaging products starts from mined ores and then refined to extract the metal. The initial concentration of the mineral and how it is formed will directly affect the costs associated with the final material. The most commonly used metals include elements and alloys such as aluminum, copper, steel, silver, brass, bronze, lead, tin, zinc, and gold. Almost every metal except gold and silver is used in the packaging industry. The most commonly used material in metal can production is undoubtedly steel. Metal boxes produced from different types of steel sheets are used as packaging for various products. Aluminum is used in the packaging of both carbonated and still beverages. Protecting processed food items is both a priority and a difficult task in terms of packaging. Regardless of the type of metal, metal packaging is advantageous in this regard. Metal packaging protects 100 percent oxygen, moisture, and light. It also has a structure that can prevent the entry of external parasites. In this regard, the safety of all kinds of metal eliminates the need to use gold and silver. Using precious metals other than those initially produced or ordered may not be economical for the investor.

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