Abstract:

Investigations regarding renal clearance and urinary excretion of ciprofloxacin were carried out in buffaloes, cows, sheep, and goats. The drug was administered intramuscularly at a dose of 5 mg/kg body weight. The plasma and urine concentrations of the drug were determined with HPLC. Renal clearance of endogenous creatinine was used as an index of glomerular filtration rate (GFR). In buffaloes, it was 0.72 ± 0.15 (mean ± SE), in cows 0.36 ± 0.09, in sheep 1.33 ± 0.35, and in goats 1.87 ± 0.38 mL/min/kg. The renal clearance of ciprofloxacin in buffaloes was 0.47 ± 0.08, in cows 0.29 ± 0.08, in sheep 0.39 ± 0.06, and in goats 0.98 ± 0.17 mL/min/kg. Besides glomerular filtration, ciprofloxacin was reabsorbed from the renal tubules of all ruminants and actively secreted in buffaloes. The cumulative percentage of intramuscular dose of ciprofloxacin excreted into the urine over 10 h in buffaloes was 10.04 ± 1.17, in cows 7.22 ± 1.12, in sheep 11.26 ± 1.74, and in goats 13.03 ± 2.07. Species difference in the urinary excretion of ciprofloxacin revealed that the excretion of the drug was highest in goats, followed by sheep, buffaloes, and cows. This species variation in the percentage of urinary excretion in these ruminants coincides with their respective GFR being the highest in goats and lowest in cows.

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