Özet:

The study is based on taxonomic and quantitative analysis of feed ration of nestlings and structure of nidikolas of collared flycatcher (Ficedula albicollis (Temminck, 1815)). Ecological features and consortium relations of flycatchers and their specific feeding behavior were analyzed. Materials were collected in May – July 2009–2014 on the transformed territories of North-Eastern Ukraine. Functioning of trophic structure of biogeocenosis with the participation of flycatcher as a heterotrophic core of big autotrophic group was studied. Spatial and trophic relations of flycatcher with the woody vegetation and insect-phytophages (leaf beetles, leafhoppers, and barbels) have been described. In the feed ration of flycatcher nestlings the prevalence is given to representatives of Hexapoda (83%), including Lepidoptera (16 families, 24%), Hymenoptera (12 families, 23%) and Coleoptera (40 families, 15%). We characterize trophic groups of arthropods in the consortium of flycatchers: phytophages (33%), zoophages (45%), parasites, bloodsuckers, saprophages (16%), necrophages (4%), coprophages, keratophages. Fauna of arthropods of collared flycatcher nests was analyzed. Nests of birds as a heterotrophic consortium is the habitat of invertebrates with 293 taxons belonging to the Hexapoda, Arachnida, Malacostraca and Myriaroda, sometimes Mollusca. In the trophic structure of the population of flycatcher the representatives of Hexapoda dominate (278 species), where the first place is given to zoophages (127 species, 45%), including parasites (Culicidae, Tabanidae, Mallophaga, Hippoboscidae, Aphaniptera). The second are phytophages (78 species, 28%), the third – decomposers (75 species, 27%), and the last presenting detritivores (48 species, 18%) and necrophages (27 species, 10%). Constant ectoparasitic species of flycatchers are Ricinus sp. (Mallophaga), Ornithomyia avicularia L. (Diptera), Protocalliphora azurea chrysorrhea Mg. (Diptera), Ceratophyllus sp. (Aphaniptera). Ecological features of nidikolas and their consortial relationships have been studied.

Anahtar Kelimeler: