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Son yıllarda ülke harcamalarında inovasyon yatırımlarının ve buna bağlı olarak getiri ve risklerin de arttığı görülmektedir. Bu durum doğru inovasyon yatırımlarının gerekliliğini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu çalışmada öncelikle Türkiye’de inovasyona uzun dönemli etki eden değişkenleri bulabilmek için yerli patent sayılarının bağımlı değişken olduğu tamamen değiştirilmiş en küçük kareler yöntemi (FMOLS) ile geliştirilmiş modellerde AR-GE harcamaları, AR-GE personeli sayısı, doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar ve ithalat miktarı etkenler olarak bulunmuştur. Öte yandan inovasyon yatırım kanalının incelenmesi adına AR-GE harcamalarının sektörel bazda yerli patent başvuru sayısına etkileri incelenmiştir. Bu modellerde anlamlı etkiye sahip olan özel sektör, kamu ve yükseköğretim AR-GE harcamaları için harcama oranları ve tahmin modellerinde elde edilen katsayıları ışığında optimal yatırım modeli geliştirilmiştir. Yerli patent başvuru sayısını maksimize etmeyi amaçlayan modellerde, en etkili kanalın yükseköğretim aracılığıyla AR-GE’ye yatırım yapmak olduğu görülmüştür.
Today, innovation investments in expenditures of countries and associated risks and returns have increased. This reveals the necessity of correct innovation investments. In this study, firstly, fully modified ordinary least squares models in which domestic patent numbers are dependent variables were developed to find variables that affect innovation in the long-term. R&D expenditures, number of R&D personnel, foreign direct investment and import amounts were found as significant factors for domestic patent applications. Then, the effects of sectoral R&D expenditures on the number of domestic patent applications were examined. An optimization model was developed for R&D expenditures through the private, public and higher education sector by the help of past expenditure rates and coefficients obtained in regression models. In models aiming to maximize the number of domestic patent applications, investing in R&D through higher education was found as the most effective channel
Nowadays, innovation investments in expenditures of countries and associated risks and returns have increased. This reveals necessity of correct innovation investments. In this study, firstly, fully modified ordinary least squares models in which domestic patent numbers are dependent variables were developed to find variables that affect innovation in long-term. R&D expenditures, number of R&D personnel, foreign direct investment and import amounts were found as significant factors for domestic patent applications. Then, effects of sectoral R&D expenditures on the number of domestic patent applications were examined. An optimization model was developed for R&D expenditures through private, public and higher education sector by the help of past expenditure rates and coefficients obtained in regression models. In models aiming to maximize number of domestic patent applications, investing in R&D through higher education was found as the most effective channel
Field : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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