Özet:

Geological and geomorphological features are important forms of the earth that shape the life of the societies. Geological-hydrographic features such as mountains, mountain ranges, plateau, plains, rivers and lakes are among the factors affecting settlement style, housing type, trade and economy in the history of civilization. Passages connecting important mountains and plains have a separate place in the earth's shape. In the development of trade and in the fusion of cultures, the gateways that have been subject to bridges have become a target that must be reached for centuries, especially between Asia and Europe. There are two natural passes in the Caucasus region, which is of great importance for strategic and geopolitical reasons. The Daryal and Derbent passes along with the passages connecting the North Caucasus to the South Caucasus throughout history; have been called by the communities in the historical process as the Gate of the Tribes. In this article, the historical and archaeological data of the Daryal and Derbent passes will be put forward and the importance of the Ancient age tried to be explained. At the same time Kimmer-Scythian migrations between Central Asia and Caucasus and its impact of migrations in the area in the second and first century BC will be examined.

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