Görüntüleme
20
İndirme
5
Kıbrıs'ın Osmanlılar tarafından fethi, Doğu Akdeniz’de hakimiyet kurma isteği ile doğrudan ilgiliydi. Adanın bu stratejik önemine ek olarak ekonomik potansiyelinin gerçekleşmesinin Tanzimat Dönemi'nde (1839-1876) gerçekleştiğini söylemek mümkündür. Nitekim söz konusu dönemde Tanzimat Dönemi Osmanlı yöneticileri, tarıma dayalı dış ticareti geliştirmek için yeni tarım alanlarının açılması, altyapının iyileştirilmesi ve vergiden muaf tutulması gibi çeşitli önlemler almıştır. Bu çabalar sonucunda buğday, arpa ve yulaf üretiminde belirli bir artış gözlenmiştir. Bu ürünlerin dışında zeytin ve zeytinyağı üretimine yönelik çeşitli teşvik politikaları izlenilmişse de istenilen sonuçlar elde edilememiştir. Bunda yetersiz altyapı, çekirge istilaları, ilkel tarım araçlarının kullanılması gibi sorunlar rol oynamıştır. Ada’nın İngiliz hakimiyetini takip eden ilk on yılda ciddi bir tarımsal ve ticari canlanma olmadıği görülmektedir. Bunun en önemli nedeni, İngiliz sömürge yönetiminin Ada'da idari, sağlık, adli ve fiziki altyapıyı oluşturmaya yönelik çabalara öncelik vermesidir. Nitekim Kıbrıs’ın ekonomik ve dış ticaret hacmi, İngiliz yönetiminin altyapı yatırımları, tarımsal planlama, banka ve kredi imkanlarının geliştirilmesi, yeni ve ihracat amaçlı ürünlerin yetiştirilmesi gibi nedenlerle 1890'lı yıllardan itibaren ciddi bir artış eğilimi göstermiştir. Bu artış, İngiliz yönetiminin Ada'daki resmi gazetesi The Cyprus Gazette'de yayınlanan dış ticaret istatistiklerinde ve Ada’yı ziyaret eden seyyahların kaleme aldığı eserlerde belgelenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Kıbrıs’ın Tanzimat Dönemi Osmanlı idaresi ile İngiliz idaresi döneminde gerçekleşen dış ticaret faaliyetlerini karşılaştırma girişimidir. Sömürge öncesi ve sonrası Kıbrıs’ın dış ticarette ne türden bir bir gelişme sağladığının araştırılmasının önemi ise bir anlamda hangi saikler ve süreçlerle sömürgeciliğin iş gördüğünün ortaya konulmasıdır. Ada’nın gerek Tanzimat Dönemi gerekse de İngiliz Dönemi’ndeki dış ticaret rakamları için olabildiğince farklı kaynaklara başvurulmuştur. Bunlar kaynaklar ise XIX yüzyıl Osmanlı Dönemi’nde ve Erken XX. yüzyılda İngiliz İdaresi döneminde Ada’yı ziyaret seyyahlar, konu hakkında araştırma yapan kişiler ancak özellikle Kıbrıs İngiliz İdaresi’nin resmi gazetesi olan The Cyprus Gazette ile The Colonial Office List, The Cyprus Blue Book gibi İngiliz resmi kurumların çıkardığı kaynaklardır.
The conquest of Cyprus by the Ottomans was directly related to the desire to establish domination in the Eastern Mediterranean. In addition to this strategic importance of the island, it is possible to say that the realization of its economic potential took place in the Tanzimat Period (1839-1876) . In fact, during this period, the Ottoman rulers of the Tanzimat Period have taken various measures, such as the opening of new agricultural fields to develop agricultural-based foreign trade, improving the infrastructure and exempt from taxes. As a result of these efforts, a certain increase in the production of grain, grain and peanut butter was observed. Except for these products, various incentive policies for the production of olive and olive oil were followed, but the desired results were not achieved. It has played a role in problems such as insufficient infrastructure, rainbow invasions, the use of primary agricultural tools. In the first decade after the British domination of the island, there was no serious agricultural and commercial recovery. The main reason for this is that the British colonial administration has given priority to the efforts to build administrative, health, judicial and physical infrastructure on the island. Indeed, the economic and foreign trade volume of Cyprus has shown a serious increase since the 1890s for reasons such as British government’s infrastructure investments, agricultural planning, banking and credit facilities development, and the cultivation of new and export products. This increase has been documented in the foreign trade statistics published in the official newspaper The Cyprus Gazette of the British government on the island and in the works that travelers visit the island have received. The aim of this study is to compare the external trade activities of Cyprus during the Tanzimat period with the Ottoman administration of the British administration. The importance of researching what kind of development Cyprus has achieved in foreign trade before and after the colony is to reveal in a sense what ways and processes the colony is doing. Although the island needs the Tanzimat Period, it has been applied to as different sources as possible for foreign trade figures in the British Period. These are the sources in the Ottoman era of the 19th century and early XX. Visitors to the island during the British administration of the century, people who are researching on the subject, but are sources published by British official authorities such as The Cyprus Gazette, The Colonial Office List, The Cyprus Blue Book, the official newspaper of the British administration of Cyprus.
The conquest of Cyprus by the Ottomans had a close relationship with domination in the Eastern Mediterranean. In addition to this strategic importance of the island, it is possible to say that the realization of its economic potential took place during the Tanzimat Period (1839-1876). As a matter of fact, in the mentioned period, the Ottoman administrators of the Tanzimat Period took various measures such as opening new agricultural areas, improving the infrastructure and exempting them from tax in order to develop agriculture-based foreign trade. As a result of these efforts, a certain increase was observed in the production of wheat, barley and oats. Apart from these products, incentives for olive and olive oil production did not yield the desired results. Problems such as insufficient infrastructure, locust invasions, and the use of primitive farming tools played a role in this. There was no serious agricultural and commercial revival in the first decade following the conquest of the island by the British. The most important reason for this is the British colonial administration's efforts to establish the administrative and judicial structure on the Island. However, the economic and foreign trade volume of the island has shown a serious upward trend since the 1890’s, due to the reasons such as the British administration's infrastructural investments, agricultural planning, development of bank and credit facilities, and the cultivation of new and export-oriented agricultural products. This increase has been documented in the foreign trade statistics published in The Cyprus Gazette, the official newspaper of the British administration on the Island, and in the works written by the travelers who visited the Island. This study is an attempt to compare the foreign trade activities of Cyprus in the light of the data recorded under the Ottoman administration of the Tanzimat Period and the British administration. The importance of investigating what kind of development Cyprus achieved in foreign trade before and after colonialism is, in a sense, to reveal the motives and processes by which colonialism worked.
Alan : Eğitim Bilimleri; Filoloji; Güzel Sanatlar; Hukuk; İlahiyat; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler; Spor Bilimleri
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
Makale Detay 
Benzer Makaleler
PDF Görüntüle
Dergi Bilgisi
Eseri Dinleyin
Alıntı Yap
Bu Sayfayı Yazdırın
Paylaş
Mendeley
