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Bu çalışmada, Sakarya Geyve İlçesi, Umur Bey Köyü’nde gerçekleştirdiğimiz araştırmalarda tespit edilen 19. yüzyıl mezar taşları değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmamızda belirlenen on dört mezardan dokuzu erkek beşi ise kadınlara aittir. Mezarların tamamı şahideli toprak mezar türünde olup, biçimsel özelliklerine göre dikdörtgen plaka formundadır. Malzeme olarak mermer kullanılmıştır. Süsleme ve teknik açısından incelendiğinde oyma ve kazıma tekniğinin daha çok alçak kabartma ve yüksek kabartma şeklinde uygulandığı görülmektedir. İncelenen erkek mezar taşlarındaki başlık tipleri, sarık kavuk ve fes şeklindedir. Ayak taşları daha çok dikdörtgen plaka formundaki gövde üzerine üçgen tepelik ile sonlandırılmıştır. Kadın mezar taşlarında ise başlık, bitkisel ve üçgen tepelik görülmektedir. Ayak taşları ise erkeklerinki ile form olarak benzerlik göstermektedir. Özellikle baş ucu taşlarında bitkisel ve geometrik bezeme hakimdir. Bitkisel bezemede gül, lale, akant yaprakları ve hurma ağacı stilize şekilde uygulanmıştır. Geometrik bezemede ise beş kollu yıldız, düşey, yatay ve çapraz çizgilerden oluşan kompozisyonların uygulandığı tespit edilmiştir. Kitabe metinlerinde sülüs ve talik hat düz veya sağa eğilimli olarak uygulanmıştır Teknik ve kompozisyon özellikleri açısından sanat eseri niteliği taşıyan 19.yüzyıla tarihlenen Sakarya- Geyve Umur Bey Köyü’nde yer alan mezar taşları kısmen mahalli kısmen de başkent üslubuna sahiptir. Sakarya- Geyve’nin başkente yakınlığı sebebiyle, incelenen şahidelerin ya doğrudan İstanbul’dan ya da başkent üslubuna uygun üretim yapan yerel atölyelerden sipariş edildiği düşünülmektedir.
In this study, Sakarya Geyve district, the 19th century tomb stones identified in the research we conducted in the Umur Mr. Village were evaluated. Of the fourteen tombs identified in our study, nine of the five men belong to women. All of the tombs are in the form of a witnessed land grave, and according to their formal characteristics are in the form of a straight-course plate. Marble is used as a material. When studied in the decoration and technical perspective, it is seen that the cutting and cutting technique is more applied in the form of low and high cutting. The head types in the men's grave stones are in the shape of a rough shell and a fox. The foot stones are more closed with a triangular mountain on the body in the form of a straight plate. In the women's grave stones, height, plant and triangle mountains are seen. The footstones are similar to the form of men. It dominates plant and geometry, especially in the main end stones. The plant is applied in the style of roses, lale, acant leaves, and cranberry tree. In the geometric grid, it has been found that the compositions consisting of five-handed stars, rocks, horizontal and cross lines are applied. In the text of the book, sulus and talic lines are applied straight or right-to-right in terms of technical and composition characteristics of the artistic characteristics of the 19th century, the tomb stones located in the Sakarya-Geyve Umur Mr. Village are partly local and partly the capital style. Due to the proximity of Sakarya-Geyve to the capital, it is believed that the witnesses examined were ordered either directly from Istanbul or from local workshops that produce in accordance with the capital style.
In this study, 19th-century tombstones which were spotted during the research conducted in Sakarya Geyve District, Umur Bey Village were examined. Nine of the fourteen graves, identified in our study, belong to males and five of them to females. All of the graves are in the type of earth graves and are in the form of a rectangular plate according to their formal features. Marble is used as a construction material. When examined in terms of decoration and technique, it is seen that the scraping and carving technique is mostly applied as low relief and high relieFigür The headdress types on the male tombstones are in the form of sarık, kavuk, and fez. The footstones are mostly in the form of a rectangular plate and are terminated with a triangular crown. On the female tombstones, the headdress, herbal, and triangular crowns are observed. Footstones are in similar form to those of men. Vegetative and geometric decorations are dominant, especially on the headstone stones. The decoration applications in the works are mostly vegetal and geometric. In herbal forms, rose, tulip, acanthus leaves, and date palm were applied in a stylized manner. In terms of geometric decorations, it was observed that compositions consisting of five-pointed stars, vertical, horizontal, and diagonal lines were applied. In the inscription texts, sülüs and talik lines are applied straight or inclined form to the right. The tombstones in Sakarya-Geyve Umur Bey Village, which is a work of art in terms of technical and compositional features, are partially both in local and metropolis style. Due to the proximity of Sakarya-Geyve to the metropolis, it is thought that the tombstones examined were ordered directly from Istanbul or from local workshops that produce in the metropolis style.
Alan : Eğitim Bilimleri; Filoloji; Güzel Sanatlar; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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