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Öz: II. Dünya Savaşı’nda Yunanistan’ın işgale uğramasıyla birlikte direnişe yönelik örgütlenmeler başladı. Savaş sonuna doğru sağ ve sol görüşlü örgütler iktidar mücadelesine girerek İç Savaş’ın (1944-1949) başlamasına neden oldu. Türk azınlığı, komünist çetelerin faaliyetleri nedeniyle zor zamanlar yaşadı. Komünist çeteler, köylere baskınlar yapıp hükümet kuvvetlerine karşı silahlı çatışmaya girdi. Bu süreçte Türk azınlık Yunan Hükümeti’nin yanında olup Yunan kuvvetleriyle birlikte hareket etmiştir. Yunan Hükümeti çetecilere af ilân etti ve ardından 1947’de “Temizleme Harekâtı” başladı. Bu harekât sonunda komünist çetelere büyük darbe vuruldu. Bu süreçte olağanüstü Divan-ı Harp kurularak yargılamalar yapıldı. Çetecilerden zarar gören insanlara devlet eliyle yardım yapılıyordu. Ancak Türk azınlık bu yardımlardan yeteri kadar faydalanamadı. İç Savaş’ın getirdiği zorluklarla beraber vergiler ve kötü hava koşulları Batı Trakya Türklerini ekonomik anlamda da zorlamaktaydı. Savaş sonrası yaşanan bu kargaşa ortamında Türk teşkilatlanması da sekteye uğramıştır. Türklerin teşkilatlanmasında müftülük meselesi de bu dönemde gündeme gelmiştir. Her alanda yaşanan sorunlar, eğitim hayatını da etkilemişti. Çetecilerin verdiği zararlarla Batı Trakya Türk okullarında eğitim işlemez hale geldi. Çete hareketlerinin Türk köylerine verdiği zarar sebebiyle Batı Trakya Türklerinin bir kısmı sınırı geçerek Türkiye’ye göç etmeye başladı. Bu çalışmada Batı Trakya Türklerinin çeteciler tarafından uğradığı saldırılar, ekonomik ve sosyal yaşamları İskeçe’de çıkan Trakya gazetesine yansıdığı şekliyle ele alınmıştır. Anahtar kelimeler: Trakya, Trakya gazetesi, Yunanistan, iç savaş, Batı Trakya Türkleri, Türk azınlık.
by: II . During the World War, with the occupation of Greece, resistance organisations began. By the end of the war, right-wing and left-wing organizations entered the power struggle and led to the beginning of the Civil War (1944-1949). The Turkish minority experienced difficult times due to the activities of the communist gangs. The communist gangs invaded the villages and entered an armed struggle against the government forces. In this process, the Turkish minority was in the side of the Greek government and moved together with the Greek forces. The Greek government proclaimed forgiveness to the gangs and then in 1947 began the "Purification Movement". At the end of this campaign, the communist gangs were hit a great blow. During this process, an extraordinary Court of Justice was established by Harp. The people who were injured were supported by the government. However, the Turkish minority did not benefit enough of this aid. With the difficulties brought by the Civil War, taxes and bad weather conditions forced the Western Trakya Turks economically. In the aftermath of the war, the Turkish organization has also been involved in the war. The issue of Turkish creation has also come up in this period. The problems in all areas have also affected education life. Through the damage caused by the craters, education in Western Trakya Turkish schools has become unprocessive. As a result of the damages of the gang movements to the Turkish villages, some of the Western Trakya Turks began to migrate to Turkey by crossing the border. In this study, the attacks that Western Trakya Turks suffered by gangs were addressed in the way they reflected their economic and social lives in the Trakya newspaper in Iskeçe. Keywords: Trakya, Trakya newspaper, Greece, Civil War, Western Trakya Turks, Turkish minority.
Abstract: During the Second World War, Greece’s German occupation brought forth a number of resistance organizations. Towards the war’s end right and leftist organizations engaged in a power struggle that caused the beginning of the Civil War (1944-1949). Turkish minority had a hard time due to communist gangs’ activities. Communist gangs, raiding villages, engaged in armed conflict against government forces. During this period the Turkish minority collaborated with the Greek government. Eventually, the Greek government declared amnesty and after 1947 a Cleansing Operation began. With the Cleansing Operation, communist gangs were hit hard. With the establishment of a supreme war court, trials commenced. The Greek state helped to ameliorate the damage caused by the militants. However, the Turkish minority did not benefit enough from the war reparations. Apart from the difficulties brought about by the Civil War, taxes and bad weather conditions caused the economic deterioration of the Turkish minority. On the other hand, Turkish organizations could not continue their activities. The multiplicity of problems finally had an impact on education in the Western Thrace Turkish schools, interrupted by the militant activities. As a result of the damages, Western Thrace Turks started migrating across the border to Turkey. This paper will utilize the Thrace newspaper published in Xanthi to discuss the impact of the militant activity on the economic and social life of Western Thrace Turks. Keywords: Thrace, Thrace newspaper, Greece, civil war, Western Thrace Turks, Turkish minority.
Alan : Filoloji; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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